Applications of Modal Interferences in Optical Fiber Sensors Based on Mismatch Methods

Abstract

& Modal interference is a major topic in optical fiber sensing technology that has been applied to measure temperature, refractive index, curvature, displacement, strain, humidity, pH, and other parameters. In this article, basic sensing principles for the development of modal interferometers are introduced based on core-cladding and core modes. The structures, principles, and applications of the sensors are comprehensively reviewed and potential and future prospects are discussed.

A fiber optic sensor based on Mach‐Zehnder interferometer structure for food composition detection

“…Next is the lead‐out area which acts as combiner for the received optical signal. These modes propagate through the MMF with different propagation constants and then couple into the lead out as axially aligned at each splice …”

A New Hydrogen Sensor Based on SNS Fiber Interferometer with Pd/WO3 Coating

“…In comparison to other technologies, the sensor based on interference theory possesses particular advantages of simple structure, low cost, high sensitivity, and so on. In recent years, a lot of interferometer structures have been proposed [ 18 ]. Upon these methods, this paper provides a new thought of hydrogen sensor by simply splicing a no core fiber between two single mode fibers.…”