Air pollution is deeply involved in the progressive degradation of cultural heritage. Therefore, environmental technologies have to deal also with the analysis and preservation of monuments and artistic artefacts in general. Solid-state and mobile NMR techniques can be particularly helpful for monitoring the conservation state of cultural heritage and for planning preservation actions in this sense. This chapter focuses on the basic principles of CP-MAS NMR and MOUSE NMR and on their applications in the context of artwork preservation. Some interesting cases of study are presented.