Applications of Oxygen Probes to a Copper Flash Smelting Furnace

Kemori, Nobumasa; Kurokawa, Harumasa; Kozuka, Zensaku

doi:10.2473/shigentosozai1953.102.1175_41

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…How far down from the molten surface the active reaction layer extends cannot be estimated from the current data. The present observations are in good agreement with the data of Kemori et al 5,6 Outokumpu Harjavalta Metals, Outokumpu Engineering Contractors and Outokumpu Research for permission to publish this report.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…DG°= -507300 + 212.0•T (K), J/mol 9 and a FeO 1.5 and a FeO are the activities of ferric and ferrous oxides with the pure molten substances as the standard states. Thus, the measured oxygen activity at an actual operating temperature, T ¢, was calculated to correspond to that at the mean temperature of 1300°C, T = 1573K, via the equation (5) where p O 2 (T) and p O 2 (T¢) are the oxygen partial pressures at T and T ¢, respectively, and DG (T) and DG (T ¢) are the Gibbs energy changes of equation 3 at T and T ¢, respectively.…”

Section: Oxygen Probementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kozuka 4 made oxygen potential measurements in a copper flash smelting furnace equipped with carbon electrodes. Kemori et al 5,6,7 measured oxygen pressures in the reaction shaft of the Toyo flash smelting furnace of Sumitomo Metal Mining Co. in Japan and also observed the settler products at various depths in the matte layer as well as in matte launders along the length of the settler. Chemical analyses of the settler products were not given.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Oxygen pressure in the Outokumpu flash smelting furnace—Part 1: copper flash smelting settler

Taskinen¹,

Seppälä²,

Laulumaa³

et al. 2001

Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy

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Oxygen activities in an industrial copper flash smelting furnace were measured by disposable oxygen probes to which a sampling device was attached. The chemical composition of the phase in the vicinity of the oxygen probe was determined with the aim of obtaining a detailed analysis of the mechanisms of slag and matte formation in suspension smelting. The results show clearly that no significant oxygen-activity gradients exist in the settler products as a function of either the area or the depth of the settler. The observations indicate that the majority of the slag and matte formation processes are completed just below the reaction shaft area. Data on the distribution of minority elements were also derived.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Oxygen Probementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxygen pressure in the Outokumpu flash smelting furnace—Part 1: copper flash smelting settler

Taskinen¹,

Seppälä²,

Laulumaa³

et al. 2001

Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy

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“…Both molybdenum and molybdenum oxide are stable as solids under the operating temperature, so their activities in slag are 1. Therefore, using the equilibrium oxygen pressure (P O 2 ; MoMoO 2 ) over the reference electrode, the oxygen pressure (P O 2 ; in slag ) in a slag bath can be calculated by the measured emf and the standard Gibbs free energy of reference electrode, which is represented by 3) RT…”

Section: Measurement Of Oxygen Pressure In Slag Bathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviors of Lead and Zinc in Top Submerged Lance (TSL) Plant at Sukpo Zinc Refinery

et al. 2012

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The Sukpo Zinc Refinery of Young Poong Cooperation (YPC) has recovered zinc and lead from zinc residue by using top submerged lance (TSL) technology since 2007. This recycling operation, named the "TSL Plant", was designed to operate 2 furnaces each equipped with one top submerged lance. The operation performance shows good metal recoveries. The plant is currently measuring oxygen pressure in its slag bath to respond to the varying slag bath conditions instantly. This paper describes the behaviors of lead and zinc acquired by determining the oxygen pressure in the slag bath and the results of measurements are compared with those of the thermodynamic calculations.

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“…Some of the blister copper can be excessively oxidized to the extent that Cu 2 O(s) is formed according to equation (5). However the final degree of oxidation of the whole blister copper does not reach this level.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reaction Mechanism in Copper-making Stage of PS Copper Converter.

Kurokawa¹,

Kemori²

2003

Shigen-to-Sozai

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Oxygen probes were applied to a PS converter in copper-making operation, and the oxygen pressures of white metal and blister copper in the converter were measured through the converter's mouth and through a tuyere, respectively. Based on the obtained results, the following reaction mechanism has been deduced.(1) The copper-making stage of a PS converter may be classified into three stages, i.e. the early substage where the tuyeres are completely in white metal, the intermediate substage where both phases of white metal and blister copper coexist in the converter and the tuyeres are in the blister copper, and the final substage where the white metal has disappeared from the converter.(2) In the early stage, direct oxidation of white metal by oxygen gas contained in the reaction air progresses in the vicinity of the tuyeres.Cu 2 S(l) + O 2 (g) = 2Cu(l) + SO 2 (g) ……………………………………………………… (1) (3) In the intermediate substage, the following three reactions proceed near the tuyeres, at the interface of blister copper and white metal phases, and in the bulk of the blister copper, respectively.= SO 2 (g) …………………………………………………………………………… (4) Here the most important factor is that reaction(4) progresses under the condition of P SO 2 1atm. It is not dependent on how high the SO 2 pressure of the waste gas from the converter is. Because the condense phases, i.e. the white metal and blister copper phases, are not in equilibrium with the gas phase.(4) In the final substage, reactions(2) and (4) only proceed because the white metal is no longer in the converter. Some of the blister copper can be excessively oxidized to the extent that Cu 2 O(s) is formed according to equation(5). However the final degree of oxidation of the whole blister copper does not reach this level. KEY WORDS

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Applications of Oxygen Probes to a Copper Flash Smelting Furnace

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Oxygen pressure in the Outokumpu flash smelting furnace—Part 1: copper flash smelting settler

Oxygen pressure in the Outokumpu flash smelting furnace—Part 1: copper flash smelting settler

Behaviors of Lead and Zinc in Top Submerged Lance (TSL) Plant at Sukpo Zinc Refinery

Reaction Mechanism in Copper-making Stage of PS Copper Converter.

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