Applications of Photodynamic Therapy in Endometrial Diseases

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a medical procedure useful for several benign conditions (such as wound healing and infections) and cancer. PDT is minimally invasive, presents few side effects, good scaring, and is able to minimal tissue destruction maintaining organ anatomy and function. Endoscopic access to the uterus puts PDT in the spotlight for endometrial disease treatment. This work systematically reviews the current evidence of PDT’s potential and usefulness in endometrial diseases. Thus, this narrative review focused on PDT applications for endometrial disease, including reports regarding in vitro, ex vivo, animal, and clinical studies. Cell lines and primary samples were used as in vitro models of cancer, adenomyosis and endometrioses, while most animal studies focused the PDT outcomes on endometrial ablation. A few clinical attempts are known using PDT for endometrial ablation and cancer lesions. This review emphasises PDT as a promising field of research. This therapeutic approach has the potential to become an effective conservative treatment method for endometrial benign and malignant lesions. Further investigations with improved photosensitisers are highly expected.

In vitro Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Endometrial Cancer

“…Endoscopic access to the uterus puts PDT in the spotlight in the treatment of endometrial diseases. PDT has the potential to be an effective conservative treatment for benign and malignant endometrial lesions [34].…”

Targeted photodynamic neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 mediated by singlet oxygen

“…Due to the unique physicochemical properties of 1 O 2 , namely its short lifetime and diffusion distance (~ 3 μm in viable cells which can be translated into a diffusion distance of ~ 150 nm) [11][12][13][14], CALI and PDT can achieve precise elimination of target molecules or cells without any collateral damage. Significant benefits of PDT include fewer side effects, much reduced long-term morbidity, high effectiveness, increased selectivity, lower cost, and minimal invasiveness [15][16][17][18]. Notably, site-specific activation of the photosensitizers at the targeted lesion site is the critical factor in PDT.…”

Nanomaterial-based photodynamic therapy for antibacterial applications: a comprehensive review

“…Notably, PDT has demonstrated remarkable efficacy against antibiotic-resistant bacteria while mitigating the emergence of novel resistance mechanisms. Consequently, PDT has emerged as a compelling strategy for treating diverse infections (Plotino et al, 2019;Correia-Barros et al, 2022). It involves the systemic or localized administration of photosensitizers (PSs), followed by irradiation with light of a specific wavelength.…”