Applications of scanning probe microscopies in technology and manufacturing

Persch, Gabriele; Born, Ch.; Engelmann, Hans‐Jürgen; Koehler, Karsten; Utesch, B.

doi:10.1002/sca.4950150507

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…AFM is a powerful technique for studying the micro- and nanoscopic world because the measurement of three-dimensional surface topography is straightforward and can be applied under a wide variety of sample conditions. , As a result, AFM has found applications in fields ranging from semiconductor physics − to biology. − In addition, several variations on the imaging “mode” have been developed, enabling investigation of physical properties such as friction, , magnetism, , surface charge, , rigidity, , and capacitance. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tip Characterization from AFM Images of Nanometric Spherical Particles

1998

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Since atomic force microscopy (AFM) images are a composite of probe and sample geometry, accurate size determinations are problematic. A relatively straightforward mathematical procedure for determining tip radius of curvature (R T) for an asymmetrical tip was recently developed by Garcia et al. (Probe Microsc. 1997, 1, 107). This study represents an experimental test of that procedure for both silica (∼150 nm) and polystyrene (∼50 nm) nanospheres. The procedure can be summarized by two steps: (1) tip characterization assuming that the observed AFM height is a true measure of a spherical particle's diameter and (2) use of the tip shape to extract a calculated width. To ensure that AFM heights were equivalent to the true width, a direct comparison of individual particle sizes determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and AFM was conducted. Heights measured from AFM images of polystyrene nanospheres differed, on average, less than 5% from widths measured by TEM. The quality of R T values was therefore evaluated by the magnitude of relative error in calculated particle widths with respect to true widths. For the tip used in this study a calculated R T of 13 nm resulted in excellent calculated widths for both polystyrene and silica spheres. While spherical particles whose diameter is less than R T (such as 5-nm Au colloids) can be used to characterize the tip apex, larger diameter spheres are required to fully characterize the tip. However, spheres much larger than R T predominantly interact with the walls of the tip and therefore yield artificially high R T values. On the basis of our analysis of the procedure developed by Garcia et al., the best sphere size for full characterization of the tip (apex and walls) is one in which both portions of the tip interact with the sphere to similar extents (approximately: R T ≤ R p ≤ 2R T, where R p is the particle radius).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tip Characterization from AFM Images of Nanometric Spherical Particles

1998

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“…Because of important industrial applications (Persch and Born 1993), much work with the atomic force microscope (AFM) has been done with non-biological samples, but the instrument has several capabilities that clearly make it an important instrument for biological research (for reviews, see Radmacher et al 1992;Hansma and Hoh 1994;Shao et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic force microscopy of cotton fiber cell wall surfaces in air and water: quantitative and qualitative aspects

Pesacreta

Carlson

Triplett

1997

Planta

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Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum cv. MD51) ®ber cell walls were analyzed with an atomic force microscope to determine the eect of chemical treatments on cell wall organization and topography. Analysis of ®bers in either air or water and without any staining or coating produced high-resolution images of cell wall microstructure which could be used for detailed quantitative analysis. Treatment of ®bers with 1% H 2 O 2 had little eect on surface morphology. Alkali removed much of the cuticle, some primary wall components, and revealed mostly thin-diameter micro®brils. Acidic Updegra reagent fragmented the ®bers, removed much of the cuticle, and revealed mostly thick micro®brils. The surface roughness of ®bers treated sequentially with alkali and acid was quantitatively distinguishable from all other ®ber types based on the standard deviation of the height data, ampli®cation of surface area, and integration of the scan line data. Analysis of the fractal dimension enabled untreated and peroxide-treated ®bers to be clearly distinguished from the other ®ber types. Segmentation of the fractal data revealed speci®c portions of the fractal dimension which were especially useful for de®ning the size of structures that dierentiated ®ber types. Areas containing micro®brils could be quantitatively dierentiated from non-micro®brillar areas. In water, some alkali-treated ®bers had micro®brils that were relatively small in diameter while others appeared to consist of crystalline arrays of smaller ®brils.Abbreviations: AFM = atomic force microscope; ANOVA = analysis of variance; FRAC = fractal dimension of the entire surface of each scan; RMS = root mean squared or standard deviation of the height; SAD = surface area deviation; TP = total power or total amplitude derived from integration of the fast Fourier transform of the image

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“…The surface topography and chemical property such as functional groups can be assessed through AFM and FTIR. AFM is powerful tool to investigate the three-dimension surface tomography, friction (Fujihira and Morita 1994;Frisbie and Rozsnyai 1994), magnetism (Martin and Wickramasinghe 1987;DiCarlo and Scheinfein 1992), surface charge (Sugawara et al 1994;Yoo et al 1997), rigidity (Maivald et al 1991;Persch et al 1993) and capacitance (Neubauer et al 1996) by moving a tiny probe contacting with the particle surface. FTIR is unique among all the chemical characterization techniques because it is nondestructive and capable of identifying the molecular level chemistry through the identification of the vibrational signatures related to specific types of chemical bonds (Painter et al 1981;Liu et al 2016).…”

Section: Potential Dust Sources For the Completed Mining Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Respirable nano-particulate generations and their pathogenesis in mining workplaces: a review

Fan

Liu

2021

Int J Coal Sci Technol

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There is a growing concern in mining community about the contribution of nano-particulates to miner’s health. Despite the health influence of respirable dusts and associated lung diseases have been recognized for decades in the mining industry, the nano-scale particulates accompanying with complicated physiochemical properties and their enormous contribution in quantity have been drawing attentions only in recent a few years because of the advancement of nano-science discipline. In this review, we examine the current regulations of dusts exposure and the dominant mass-based monitoring methods to point out the ignorance of nano-particulates in mining industry. The recognized mining-related nano-particulates sources are summarized to identify the mechanically generated finer particulates including particles and aerosols. In addition, the mechanism of adverse health impact on miner with exposure to nano-scale particulates is discussed in a detail to emphasize their substantial detriment as a potential respiratory hazard. Characterization of the complex physiochemical properties of nano-particulates are then summarized and discussed because these properties could be different from regular respirable dusts due to their dramatically increased surface area and particulate counts. The intent of this review is to demonstrate the potential of adverse health effect of nano-particulate on the mine personals throughout the mining cycle and to identify the research gaps of the mine nano-particulate characterization and quantification. We suggest that further understanding of the mining induced nano-particulate properties and their pathogenesis are critical for the future engineering control measure to mitigate the potential health threat for future miners.

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Applications of scanning probe microscopies in technology and manufacturing

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Tip Characterization from AFM Images of Nanometric Spherical Particles

Tip Characterization from AFM Images of Nanometric Spherical Particles

Atomic force microscopy of cotton fiber cell wall surfaces in air and water: quantitative and qualitative aspects

Respirable nano-particulate generations and their pathogenesis in mining workplaces: a review

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