Applications of sexed semen in cattle production

Hohenboken, W. D.

doi:10.1016/s0093-691x(99)00227-7

Cited by 94 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The general findings of previous research show that the rate of genetic progress has been expected to increase by 15% with the use of sexed semen (Van Vleck, 1981;Hohenboken, 1999;Weigel, 2004;Abdel-Azim and Schnell, 2007;De Vries et al, 2008). The result of this study confirms results of previous research.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Johnson et al (1987 and1999) showed that it is possible to separate X-and Y-bearing sperm by a flow cytometry system with 85% to 95% accuracy. Progeny test programs are the most important schemes for genetic improvement of dairy cows by using AI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baker et al (1990) reported that use of sexed semen would have a very small effect on the rate of genetic improvement. Hohenboken (1999), Weigel (2004) and De Vries et al (2008) stated that the rate of genetic progress would be expected to increase by less than 15% with the use of sexed semen. Abdel-Azim and Schnell (2007) concluded that by using female-sexed semen in commercial herds the average superiority in first lactation cows exceeded 30% in year 11 relative to a base scheme with unsexed semen, but continued to decrease until it reached 9% in year 20.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of widespread and limited use of sexed semen on genetic progress and reproductive performance of dairy cows

Khalajzadeh

Nejati‐Javaremi

Yeganeh

2012

Animal

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Stochastic simulation was used for studying the impacts of sexed semen on genetic progress and reproductive performance of dairy cows. Three strategies were compared: WSS (use unsexed semen in cows and heifers), SSH (use sexed semen in heifers and unsexed semen in cows) and SSCH (use sexed semen in both cows and heifers). Conception rate (CR) of unsexed semen was considered to be 35% and 65% in cows and heifers, respectively. CR of sexed semen was considered to be 15 (20% in cows and 50% in heifers), 10, 5 and 0 percentage points lower than unsexed semen. Thus, four subschemes were compared under SSCH (SSCH15, SSCH10, SSCH5, SSCH0) and SSH (SSH15, SSH10, SSH5, SSH0). Moreover, the effect was studied in four distinct paths of selection: active sires (AS), young bulls (YB), bull dams (BD) and milking cows (CW). The average genetic superiority of CW was 12% and 9.5% in SSCH15 and SSH15 strategies relative to a base scheme, respectively. The average genetic superiority of CW was 19% and 10.5% in SSCH0 and SSH0, respectively. Regression analysis showed that genetic superiority of CW increased significantly, that is, 0.5% and 0.1% per every 1% increase in CR in SSCH and SSH, respectively. The result showed that there is a significant difference between genetic superiority of cows in SSCH and SSH schemes. Widespread and limited use of sexed semen in commercial dairy herds resulted in a large genetic advantage in CW. The genetic advantage of gender control was minimal in the selection paths of AS, YB and BD. Open days and services per conception reached to 153 v. 125 days and 5 v. 2.86 under SSCH15 compared with WSS. The age at first calving increased from 774 to 790 days in SSH15 and SSCH15 strategies. Mean of parities decreased to 2.26 v. 2.42 by using sexed semen. The widespread use of sexed semen increased the age average of cows in all parities. Sexed semen increased selection intensity in the CW path, and this contributed to the genetic merit of future cows. On the other hand, sexed semen had a negative effect on the reproductive performance of dairy cows. Generally, although the effect of widespread use of sexed semen (SSCH) on genetic progress is significantly more than limited use of sexed semen (SSH), SSCH decreased reproductive performance of dairy herds dramatically, and this suggests that SSH scenarios might be more appropriate in animal breeding programs. Finally, to make a decision of which schemes are more convenient, it is necessary to compare the economic aspects of schemes.Keywords: sexed semen, selection, progeny test, open days, dairy cow Implications Sexed semen might increase the genetic progress of dairy cows by enhancing selection intensity. Sexed semen decreases the reproductive performance of dairy herds owing to low fertility. Reduction in reproductive performance has a negative effect on genetic progress by increasing generation interval and reducing newborn calves. Previous researchers have not considered these positive and negative effects of sexed semen simultaneously in a stochastic simu...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of widespread and limited use of sexed semen on genetic progress and reproductive performance of dairy cows

Khalajzadeh

Nejati‐Javaremi

Yeganeh

2012

Animal

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“…The commercialization of SS has offered possibilities for intensified selection among dams to produce the next generation cows. The potential for genetic progress on herd and population levels has already been discussed decades before commercialization of the technique (Van Vleck and Everett, 1976;Hohenboken, 1999;Abdel-Azim and Schnell, 2007;De Vries et al, 2008). The expected net present value of various breeding strategies with SS and conventional semen were compared by Olynk and Wolf (2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of including genetic progress in milk yield on evaluating the use of sexed semen and other reproduction strategies in a dairy herd

Ettema

Østergaard

Sørensen

2011

Animal

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The objective of this study was to explore the importance of including genetic progress in milk yield when evaluating different reproductive strategies in a dairy herd by simulation modeling. The model used in this study was SimHerd V, a dynamic and mechanistic Monte Carlo simulation model of a dairy herd including young stock. A daily increasing trend describing genetic milk yield potential of the sire population was included in the model. The inaccuracy of assuming that replacement heifers have the same (milk yield) potential as the cows present in the herd was hereby dealt with. Improving estrus detection rate from 0.45 to 0.80 increased gross margin (GM) per cow-year by h20 when genetic progress was not included in the model. When genetic progress was included in the model, then the same improvement in estrus detection decreased the GM per cow-year by h7.4. This reduced effect was explained by a lower replacement rate in consequence of the improved estrus detection and thereby a slower genetic progress in the herd. There was a reduced effect of including genetic progress on GM when surplus heifers were sold selectively based on breeding values. Repeated insemination with sexed semen on the superior half of all heifers reduced GM by h8 per cow-year when genetic progress was not included and increased the GM by h16 per cow-year when genetic progress was included in the model. Including genetic progress reduced the losses caused by lower conception and estrus detection rates and had a minimal effect with regard to postponing first insemination. This study has proven that it is important to include genetic progress in decisions on reproduction strategies in a dairy herd.

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“…(HOHENBOKEN, 1999). Finalmente mediante a pré-seleção do sexo é possível produzir maior proporção de fêmeas nuliparas (as quais na média tem menor peso), evitando assim problemas de distocías comuns nelas.…”

Section: I T E R a T U R A | 27unclassified

Avaliação das características da motilidade (CASA), morfologia e funcionalidade da membrana plasmática (HOST) de espermatozóides bovinos sexados por cimetria de fluxo

Gallego¹

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A verdade é que, quando sua mente estava completamente alheia, ele tinha o pensamento mais estranho que qualquer lunático no mundo jamais tivera, pois lhe parecia razoável e necessário, tanto por uma questão de honra quanto para servir a nação, se tornar um cavaleiro errante e viajar pelo mundo em sua armadura e seu cavalo para buscar aventuras e envolver-se em tudo que ele havia lido sobre como os cavaleiros errantes se envolviam, aproveitando as oportunidades, colocando-se em perigo e corrigindo todo tipo de mal.-Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quixote. DEDICO.A Dios.A mis Papas Ramiro y Alba Lucia, su amor es la base de todas mis logros, Dios me bendijo al poder tenerlos a mi lado.A mi hermanita María del Pilar, eres la otra faz de una obra de arte, tu alegría y emotividad me llenan de felicidad. No te imaginas como te admiro.A mis abuelitas Ruth y Mary, Las abuelitas más dulces y tiernas que puedan existir, siempre las llevo en mi corazón.A mis Abuelos Libardo y Jorge (In memoriam), Sus vidas son una inspiración para mi. Es un honor llevar el apellido Mejia Gallego. Los Extraño A mi novia Dunia, Porque nuestros sueños se hagan realidad. LOS AMO !!!!! Agradecimientos.A mis tias Angela, Nohora y Liliana: Siempre han creido en mis capacidades, ello me ha llenado de confianza para llegar a donde estoy ahora, de todas he aprendido cosas importantes en la vida.Las llevo y las llevare en mi corazón siempre.A mis tios

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Applications of sexed semen in cattle production

Cited by 94 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of widespread and limited use of sexed semen on genetic progress and reproductive performance of dairy cows

Effect of widespread and limited use of sexed semen on genetic progress and reproductive performance of dairy cows

Effect of including genetic progress in milk yield on evaluating the use of sexed semen and other reproduction strategies in a dairy herd

Avaliação das características da motilidade (CASA), morfologia e funcionalidade da membrana plasmática (HOST) de espermatozóides bovinos sexados por cimetria de fluxo

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