Applications of Synthetic and Herbal Nanoparticles as Aphrodisiacs: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Men with Erectile Dysfunction (ED) experience difficulty in initiating or sustaining a firm erection during sexual engagement. Pharmacological agents, commonly referred to as aphrodisiacs, effectively treat erectile dysfunction. Aphrodisiac drugs, whether synthetic or herbal, have limited bioavailability, leading to reduced oral absorption. Particle size reduction strategies can address this issue. Nanosize demonstrated a substantial enhancement in oral and transdermal bioavailability when using nanoparticles composed of pure components. The use of nanoparticles at the prescribed dosage is considered safe, and when applied to the skin in a transdermal manner, they do not exhibit any signs of irritation or histopathological alterations, making them suitable for skin application. Furthermore, nanoparticles enable the control, sustenance, and prolongation of drug release.