Applications of the Open-Source Hardware Arduino Platform in the Mining Industry: A Review

Abstract

In this study, applications of the Arduino platform in the mining industry were reviewed. Arduino, a representative and popular open-source hardware, can acquire information from various sensors, transmit data using communication technology, and control devices through actuators. The review was conducted by classifying previous studies into three types of Arduino applications: field monitoring systems, wearable systems, and autonomous systems. With regard to field monitoring systems, most studies in mines were classified as atmospheric or geotechnical monitoring. In wearable systems, the health status of the miner was an important consideration, in addition to the environmental conditions of the mine. Arduino can be a useful tool as an initial prototype for autonomous mine systems. Arduino has advantages in that it can be combined with various electronic products and is cost-effective. Therefore, although many studies have been conducted in the laboratory (as opposed to field tests), Arduino applications can be further expanded in the mining field in the future.

MWCNT-Coated Cotton Yarn Array For Piezoresistive Force and Bending Sensor Applications in Internet of Things Systems

“…[31,36] Cloud computing-based IoT systems through Wi-Fi (a wireless network protocol) can resolve technical constraints related to storage, analysis, and unlimited communication in time and space of big data, which are obtained from sensor networks under various environments. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Figure 7 shows a simple system that combines a force sensor, Arduino microcontroller, and real-time data storage in the Google Cloud platform. A force resistive sensor consisting of a perpendicularly aligned MWCNT-CY array is connected to a fixed resistor of 12 kΩ with voltage source (3.3 V) in series, thereby forming a voltage divider.…”

“…[6][7][8] In addition, open-source hardware (e.g., Arduino, Raspberry Pi, Latte panda, Galileo, and Jetson Nano) enables successful development of low-cost IoT application systems because anyone can freely use, study, modify, produce, and distribute this hardware without licenses and copyright royalties. [9][10][11] Robust and low-cost materials as active sensing elements of electronic sensors are also important for costeffective and reliable IoT systems. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess extraordinary electrical, mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties with the potential for low-cost mass production.…”

Bluetooth Beacon-Based Mine Production Management Application to Support Ore Haulage Operations in Underground Mines

“…Smart mining aims to efficiently utilize the mine's assets and maximize profits by connecting and automating each process from the perspective of the entire mining industry [2]. Smart mining technology can be realized through the convergence of information and communication technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), drones, artificial intelligence (AI), big data, 3D printing, robotics, and autonomous driving, which are core technologies of the fourth industrial revolution [3]. In particular, smart and automated mines can potentially be built by gradually utilizing the IoT technology [4].…”

Educational Low-Cost C-Band FMCW Radar System Comprising Commercial Off-the-Shelf Components for Indoor Through-Wall Object Detection

“…The proposed system is assembled on a 1-mm-thick FR4 printed circuit board (PCB) using the surface-mount technology. Arduino UNO-a wellknown open-source, economical microcontroller platform-is used for data acquisition owing to its high scalability and suitability for use in many applications [22,23]. It is one of the most widely adopted IoT platforms due to its high scalability [24,25].…”