Applied Behavior Analysis for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Abstract

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ICT Framework for Supporting Applied Behavior Analysis in the Social Inclusion of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders

“…Linkage techniques : Chaining is a strategy used for teaching complex skills consisting of sequences of well-defined behaviors (for example, the individual parts of a complex ability, such as dressing). To carry out chaining, it is necessary to identify a procedure that begins with the division of the skill into individual components (task analysis), continues with the construction of the behavioral chain, and ends with the structuring of a program by chaining the components via step-by-step reinforcement [ 51 ]. Within the techniques described and more generally during the ABA sessions, numerous data are acquired and recorded.…”

Efektivitas metode Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) untuk meningkatkan perbendaharaan kata pada anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder

“…Modifikasi perilaku yang diberikan kepada subjek menggunakan metode PECS. Metode PECS merupakan salah satu dari pendekatan ABA yang merupakan pendekatan untuk mengevaluasi perubahan perilaku manusia (Matson, 2009). Teori yang mendasari pendekatan Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA) adalah konsep operant conditioning yaitu suatu proses yang mana lingkungan dan perilaku berpengaruh untuk membentuk perilaku suatu individu berdasarkan oleh B.F. Skinner, yang dikembangkan oleh Baer, Wolf dan Risley pada tahun 1968 (Matson, 2009).…”

“…Konsep eksperimen dari metode PECS yaitu melalui pendekatan dengan melatih komunikasi anak ASD dengan cara anak mendekati anak untuk memulai interaksi komunikatif secara spontan dengan menunjukkan kartu bergambar kemudian meminta barang yang diinginkan atau memberikan komentar terhadap sesuatu yang diamati oleh anak, dilakukan secara berulang-ulang dan membentuk kebiasaan pada anak (Matson, 2009). Adapun tahapan dalam intervensi yang dilakukan sebagai berikut (Zohoorian et al, 2021):…”

Case Study on Art-Based Intervention with Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Macau

“…Individuals with ASD bene t from early treatments and interventions, although some cases may require lifelong treatment and external support, as ASD is a disorder that can be treated but not cured (Feinstein, 2010). Behavioral Therapy (BT), Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication Handicapped (TEACCH), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), among others, are effective intervention commonly used to address many symptoms of autism (Duncan et al, 2007;Frith, 2008;Matson, 2009;Mesibov & Shea, 2010;Nina et al, 2017;Silberberg, 2009;Tarbox et al, 2014;Waltz, 2013;Zager et al, 2004). Various behavioral and therapeutic interventions such as occupational therapy, vision therapy, sensory-motor integration therapy, speech and language therapy, are also bene cial for targeting speci c symptoms experienced by children with ASD (Frith, 2008;Silberberg, 2009).…”