Applied behavior analysis.

Abstract

T he term applied behavior analysis (ABA) was introduced by Baer et al. (1968) to describe the application of basic behavioral principles to understand and improve behavior. In their article, Baer et al. outlined a set of characteristics of ABA, which include (a) a focus on behavior that is socially significant, (b) clear demonstration of a functional relationship between behavior and its environment, (c) procedures that are clearly identified and described, (d) direct relation to the basic principles of behavior, (e) focus on socially meaningful behavior, and (f) enduring behavior change. Although ABA comprises a set of assessment and intervention procedures focusing on manipulation of environmental events to change behavior, ABA procedures are based on a set of basic behavioral principles that are also the foundation for the behavioral components of most of the other cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) procedures.ABA focuses on observable, measurable, and objectively defined behavior that may occur in excess or not frequently enough (behavioral deficit). Behavioral assessment is used to identify functional relationships between these behaviors and relevant stimuli to design interventions that help people modify their behavior. One important feature of ABA is the reliance on frequent data analysis to accurately assess changes in behavior and modify interventions as needed. Finally, ABA emphasizes a thorough understanding of recent environmental events to understand the causes of behavior. ABA has been used successfully to help individuals in all walks of life, including children and adults