Applied radiation physics techniques for diagnostic evaluation of the plasma wind and thermal protection system critical parameters in aerospace re-entry

Cesare, M. De; Savino, L.; Ceglia, Giuseppe; Alfano, Davide; Carolo, F. Di; French, Ainslie D.; Rapagnani, D.; Gravina, Stefania; Cipullo, A.; Vecchio, Antonio Del; Leva, A. Di; D’Onofrio, Antonio; Galietti, Umberto; Gialanella, L.; Terrasi, F.

doi:10.1016/j.paerosci.2019.06.001

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Furthermore, the DC technique has to be used in applications where the emissivity of the materials is not well known, such as in the case of the test performed in the PWT facilities to verify the TPS withstanding the hypersonic plasma interactions [12][13][14][15]. Before testing the methodology in the PWT aerospace field, the Center for Isotopic Research on the Cultural and Environmental heritage (CIRCE) accelerator [16][17][18][19], upgraded both to perform accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) up to actinides [20][21][22][23][24] and for experimental nuclear astrophysics [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] as other AMS systems [33], can be used for the preliminary test at temperature values reaching 1500 • C, with materials that, at the beginning of the process, are characterized by a low emissivity, and increase their emissivity value with a carbon ions implantation.…”

Section: Results and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Material Wide Range Temperature Determination by Dual-Color Emissivity Free Methodology in Long-Mid-near Infrared Ranges at Non-stationary Conditions

et al. 2021

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Dual color emissivity free methodology by thermography allows to obtain 2D (two-dimensional) temperature maps by using local grey body hypotheses and narrowband filters. By using a suitable pair of filters is possible to obtain the ratio between two thermal camera input signals that depend only on the temperature and not on the emissive properties of the investigated surface. The aim of this concise review paper is to summarize and discuss the developments and applications from long- to mid-near infrared ranges and in a wide range of temperature values of the dual-color thermographic technique that has been analysed through the use of an analytical model based on the integration of Planck’s law and attenuated with the transmission curves of sensors, optics, filters, and attenuators during the last years. Moreover, the applicability to the non-stationary temperature conditions and finalized to the materials mainly used in the aerospace plasma wind tunnel (PWT) re-entry are shown.

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Section: Results and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Material Wide Range Temperature Determination by Dual-Color Emissivity Free Methodology in Long-Mid-near Infrared Ranges at Non-stationary Conditions

et al. 2021

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“…2016;Eckbreth 1996) and review articles (Miles and Lempert 1997;Miles 2015;Ehn et al. 2017;De Cesare et al 2020,). Of particular relevance for the application of these diagnostics to hypersonic flows is a recent NATO review article that addresses absorption spectroscopy, planar laserinduced fluorescence (PLIF), molecular tagging velocimetry (MTV), focused laser differential interferometry (FLDI), light scattering (Rayleigh and Raman), coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) and optical emission spectroscopy (OES) (Danehy et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized time accurate sampling of nonequilibrium and unsteady hypersonic flows: methods and horizons

Miles

Dogariu

Dogariu³

2021

Exp Fluids

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Modern “non-intrusive” optical methods are providing revolutionary capabilities for diagnostics of hypersonic flow fields. They generate accurate information on the performance of ground test facilities and provide local time accurate measurements of near-wall and off-body flow fields surrounding hypersonic test articles. They can follow the true molecular motion of the flow and detect nonequilibrium states and gas mixtures. They can be used to capture a wide range of turbulent scales and can produce highly accurate velocity, temperature and density measurements as well as time-frozen images that provide intuitive understanding of flow phenomena. Recent review articles address many of these methods and their applications. The methods highlighted in this review are those that have been enabled or greatly improved by new, versatile laser systems, particularly including kHz rate femtosecond lasers and MHz rate pulse burst lasers. Although these methods can be applied to combusting environments, the focus of this review is on external high Mach number flows surrounding test articles and wind tunnel core flow properties. The high repetition rates enable rapid time evolving flows to be analyzed and enable the collection of large data sets necessary for statistical analysis. Future capabilities based on the use of atomic vapor filters and on frequency tunable, injection locked MHz rate lasers are promising.

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“…requires sensitive and accurate tests to be performed at conditions as close as possible to those during a space vehicle's re-entry: this can be done in facilities like plasma wind tunnels (PWTs) [3,4]. Present methods employed to measure samples recession rates (extensively discussed in a recent review [3]), which is the most widely employed parameter to compare TPS performances, rely either on the measurement of the sample length before and after the test, on the insertion of intrusive break-wire sensors or on non-intrusive optical and spectroscopic techniques. The first is an off-line method which give no hints on what happens during the test, the second is intrusive and can reduce results accuracy and the latter have low sensitivity [3].…”

Section: Introduction: Recession Measurements For Aerospacementioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a novel technique with radioactive implanted ions for material recession rate estimate

Rapagnani¹,

Cesare²,

Buompane³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Durability tests of thermal protection system (TPS) materials for space vehicles is of paramount importance in developing TPS materials. The limits of the presently used techniques and the need for higher accuracy and precision demand new reliable and more sensitive measurement methods. In this paper we present the validation of a new on-line and non intrusive technique to estimate the TPS material recession rate which exploits the surface layer implantation of radioactive 7Be ions and the measurement of its characteristic γ-rays during the recession test.

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Applied radiation physics techniques for diagnostic evaluation of the plasma wind and thermal protection system critical parameters in aerospace re-entry

Cited by 30 publications

References 63 publications

Advances in Material Wide Range Temperature Determination by Dual-Color Emissivity Free Methodology in Long-Mid-near Infrared Ranges at Non-stationary Conditions

Advances in Material Wide Range Temperature Determination by Dual-Color Emissivity Free Methodology in Long-Mid-near Infrared Ranges at Non-stationary Conditions

Localized time accurate sampling of nonequilibrium and unsteady hypersonic flows: methods and horizons

Validation of a novel technique with radioactive implanted ions for material recession rate estimate

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