Applying a Coupled Biophysical Model to Predict Larval Dispersal and Source/Sink Relationships in a Depleted Metapopulation of the Eastern Oyster<i>Crassostrea virginica</i>

Arnold, William S.; Meyers, Steven D.; Geiger, Stephen P.; Luther, Mark E.; Narváez, Diego A.; Frischer, Marc E.; Hofmann, Eileen E.

doi:10.2983/036.036.0112

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Several numerical studies of oyster reefs on macro-and meso-scale have focused mostly on larval dispersal patterns distribution (e.g., Kjelland et al, 2015;Arnold et al, 2017;Dye et al, 2021) while the influence of the rough surfaces on the surrounding hydrodynamics have not been subject of investigation. Here, the structural classification provided and the respective topographical roughness parameters can be used as input parameters for future investigations addressing the impact on the hydrodynamic and sediment transport similar to investigations by van Leeuwen et al (2010) on mussel beds or by Ashall et al (2016) on salt marshes.…”

Section: Interactions Between Oyster Reef and Hydrodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oyster Reef Surfaces in the Central Wadden Sea: Intra-Reef Classification and Comprehensive Statistical Description

et al. 2022

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The Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas) is an invasive species in the Wadden Sea transforming parts of it permanently. M. gigas, as an ecosystem engineer, builds reef structures that are characterized by highly complex and variable surfaces consisting of densely packed, sharp-edged individuals connected with cement-like bonds. To investigate the interactions between reef structure, shape and formation and wave as well as tidal currents, an understanding of the surface roughness is essential. This work reports on observations of oyster reefs for which seven new structural classes (Central Reef, Transitional Zone, Cluster I, Cluster II, Patch I, Patch II, and Garland) are proposed. For each class, high resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) have been elaborated based on Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry and analyzed using spatial statistics. By determining probability density functions (PDFs), vertical porosity distributions, abundances, orientations and second-order structure functions (SSFs), topographical parameters that influence the hydraulic bed roughness have been determined. The results suggest, that by applying the structural classification and their distinct topographical roughness parameters, the oyster reef surfaces can be described appropriately accounting for their complexity. The roughness accounts to a total roughness height kt = 103 ± 15 mm and root-mean-square roughness height krms = 23 ± 5 mm. These values were found similar across all structural classes, yet the shape of the PDFs reveal differences. With decreasing abundance, the distributions become more positively skewed and are characterized by more extreme outliers. This is reflected in the higher statistical moments, as the skewness ranges between Sk = 0.4–2.1 and the kurtosis between Ku = 2.2–11.5. The analysis of the orientations and the SSFs confirms anisotropic behavior across all structural classes. Further, the SSFs reveal the oyster shells as significant roughness elements with exception of Cluster I and II, where the clusters are identified as significant roughness elements. The provided set of topographical roughness parameters enhances the knowledge of oyster reef surfaces and gives insights into the interactions between biogenic structure and surrounding hydrodynamics. The new intra-reef classification allows for more accurate determination of the overall roughness as well as the population dynamics of the habitat forming oyster. Combined with hydraulic measurements, the results can be used to estimate the hydraulic bed roughness induced by the oyster reef surfaces.

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Section: Interactions Between Oyster Reef and Hydrodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oyster Reef Surfaces in the Central Wadden Sea: Intra-Reef Classification and Comprehensive Statistical Description

et al. 2022

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“…The ABM results provided dispersal patterns between field‐measured oyster reef sites thus supporting evidence to previous field‐based studies (Volety et al 2015), insight into agent transport pathways, and resulting “agent surplus.” Insights into transport pathways and “agent surplus” can aid in selecting locations to construct new oyster reefs as well as deciding which degraded oyster reefs show the greatest potential for successful restoration (Kim et al 2013; Smyth et al 2016; Arnold et al 2017). This system‐wide approach highlights the oyster reef connectivity and the relative value of specific reefs and restoration sites in relation to larval supply.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An agent‐based model accurately predicts larval dispersal and identifies restoration and monitoring priorities for eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) in a Southwest Florida estuary

Dye

Jose

Richard

et al. 2021

Restoration Ecology

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An agent-based modeling (ABM) framework was developed to support oyster reef restoration efforts in the Caloosahatchee River Estuary located within the encompassing Charlotte Harbor estuarine system, Southwest Florida. The modeling approach is novel for this shallow estuary which experiences heavily managed freshwater inflow known to be an ecological stressor to the estuary's oysters. The aims of the study were to (1) determine the ABM's accuracy in simulating larval dispersal patterns when compared with measured in situ larval settlement data; (2) establish connectivity patterns between various oyster reefs within the estuary; and (3) discover larval transport pathways within the Charlotte Harbor estuarine system. Key characteristics of the ABM, in particular the agents serving as simulated larvae, include settlement behavior and salinity tolerance and associated mortality. The ABM accurately recreated larval dispersal patterns during the peak spawning season, providing fundamental insight into the importance of protecting the furthest upstream oyster reef as a sustained larval source to the downstream reefs. Thus, supporting the effectiveness of using field measurements for the validation of ABMs and subsequently using ABM simulations to bolster future field studies. Ultimately, this study provides an effective, generally applicable, approach to model larval ecology for restoration purposes.

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“…Bidegain et al [55] utilised a combination of larval behaviour, mortality and recruitment-settlement sub-models in the LARVAHS particle tracking model, to produce estimates of seasonal recruitment densities in two species of Ruditapes clams. Arnold et al [56] similarly applied a biophysical model incorporating larval growth, swimming ability, food availability, water temperature and salinity inputs, to predict optimal reef restoration sites for the eastern oyster Crassostrea viriginica in the Gulf of Mexico. Using a different spatio-temporal Bayesian model and oceanographic data, Atalah et al [57] forecasted biofouling blue mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) recruitment on green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) farms in New Zealand.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding marine larval dispersal in a broadcast-spawning invertebrate: A dispersal modelling approach for optimising spat collection of the Fijian black-lip pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera

et al. 2020

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Fisheries and aquaculture industries worldwide remain reliant on seed supply from wild populations, with their success and sustainability dependent on consistent larval recruitment. Larval dispersal and recruitment in the marine environment are complex processes, influenced by a multitude of physical and biological factors. Biophysical modelling has increasingly been used to investigate dispersal and recruitment dynamics, for optimising management of fisheries and aquaculture resources. In the Fiji Islands, culture of the blacklip pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera) is almost exclusively reliant on wild-caught juvenile oysters (spat), through a national spat collection programme. This study used a simple Lagrangian particle dispersal model to investigate current-driven larval dispersal patterns, identify potential larval settlement areas and compare simulated with physical spat-fall, to inform targeted spat collection efforts. Simulations successfully identified country-wide patterns of potential larval dispersal and settlement from 2012-2015, with east-west variations between biannual spawning peaks and circulation associated with El Niño Southern Oscillation. Localised regions of larval aggregation were also identified and compared to physical spat-fall recorded at 28 spat collector deployment locations. Significant and positive correlations at these sites across three separate spawning seasons (r(26) = 0.435; r(26) = 0.438; r (26) = 0.428 respectively, p = 0.02), suggest high utility of the model despite its simplicity, for informing future spat collector deployment. Simulation results will further optimise black-lip pearl oyster spat collection activity in Fiji by informing targeted collector deployments, while the model provides a versatile and highly informative toolset for the fishery management and aquaculture of other marine taxa with similar life histories.

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Applying a Coupled Biophysical Model to Predict Larval Dispersal and Source/Sink Relationships in a Depleted Metapopulation of the Eastern OysterCrassostrea virginica

Abstract: BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.

Cited by 13 publications

References 68 publications

Oyster Reef Surfaces in the Central Wadden Sea: Intra-Reef Classification and Comprehensive Statistical Description

Oyster Reef Surfaces in the Central Wadden Sea: Intra-Reef Classification and Comprehensive Statistical Description

An agent‐based model accurately predicts larval dispersal and identifies restoration and monitoring priorities for eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) in a Southwest Florida estuary

Understanding marine larval dispersal in a broadcast-spawning invertebrate: A dispersal modelling approach for optimising spat collection of the Fijian black-lip pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera

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