Applying a Modular PET System to Investigate Bioremediation of Subsurface Contamination: A Proof-of-Principle Study

Chang, Yuan‐Shiun; Siciliano, Steven D.; Mamet, Steven D.; Conway, Alexandra J.; Schebel, Alixandra; Shannon, Whitney; Christopher, Kelly; Thompson, Kyle A.; Talebitaher, A.; Papandreou, Z.; Teymurazyan, A.

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1120/1/012077

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The custom-built PhytoPET system used here consisted of four 60 mm × 60 mm × 124 mm detector modules . Detailed information and characterization of the electronics and the data acquisition architecture can be found in previous studies. − A 360 degree rotation stage and a 50 cm translation stage were incorporated to allow relative movement between detectors and objects for continuous step-and-shoot acquisition…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Camera mode images were reconstructed with proprietary software employing the iterative maximum likelihood expectation maximization algorithm based on a voxel size of 0.5 mm 3 and 50 iterations. For the scanner mode, data were preprocessed using in-house developed code and together with the corresponding crystal positions and directions were fed into a modular tomographic image reconstruction platform (CASToR) for list-mode image reconstruction. , Raw images were exported and processed using the Fiji distribution of ImageJ . To calculate activity volumes for each core, we used an activity threshold of 0.504× maximum activity (see above) within each image stack.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Positron emission tomography (PET) can image over 1.5 × 10 –4 m 3 of soil to identify 1.5 × 10 –9 m 3 volume of active microbial activity . Thus, PET can provide greater spatial resolution than genomic approaches and is an invaluable tool for characterizing microbial metabolic processes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Positron emission tomography (PET) can image over 1.5 × 10 −4 m 3 of soil to identify 1.5 × 10 −9 m 3 volume of active microbial activity. 29 Thus, PET can provide greater spatial resolution than genomic approaches and is an invaluable tool for characterizing microbial metabolic processes. 30 PET images the gamma rays released from radiotracers such as fluorine-18 ( 18 F), carbon-11 ( 11 C), or nitrogen-13 ( 13 N) that emit positrons which travel a short distance, ∼1 mm in water, before releasing gamma radiation due to antimatter/matter interactions (annihilation).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Buffering Capacity Can Be Used To Optimize Biostimulation of Psychrotrophic Hydrocarbon Remediation

Mamet

Jimmo

Conway

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Effective bioremediation of hydrocarbons requires innovative approaches to minimize phosphate precipitation in soils of different buffering capacities. Understanding the mechanisms underlying sustained stimulation of bacterial activity remains a key challenge for optimizing bioremediationparticularly in northern regions. Positron emission tomography (PET) can trace microbial activity within the naturally occurring soil structure of intact soils. Here, we use PET to test two hypotheses: (1) optimizing phosphate bioavailability in soil will outperform a generic biostimulatory solution in promoting hydrocarbon remediation and (2) oligotrophic biostimulation will be more effective than eutrophic approaches. In so doing, we highlight the key bacterial taxa that underlie aerobic and anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation in subarctic soils. In particular, we showed that (i) optimized phosphate bioavailability outperformed generic biostimulatory solutions in promoting hydrocarbon degradation, (ii) oligotrophic biostimulation is more effective than eutrophic approaches, and (iii) optimized biostimulatory solutions stimulated specific soil regions and bacterial consortia. The knowledge gleaned from this study will be crucial in developing field-scale biodegradation treatments for sustained stimulation of bacterial activity in northern regions.

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