Applying multi-pass friction stir processing to refine the microstructure and enhance the strength, ductility and corrosion resistance of WE43 magnesium alloy

Eivani, A.R.; Mehdizade, Maryam; Chabok, S.; Zhou, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.03.021

Cited by 76 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…A high density of REE-containing secondary phases in WE series Mg alloys has been shown to attenuate the corrosion process of these alloys since these secondary phases may act as corrosion barriers (Xie et al, 2021). However, an increased density of intermetallics also increases the density of corrosion-prone grain boundaries (Eivani et al, 2021). The overall corrosion behaviour of WE series Mg alloys is, in general terms, governed by two major factors: a) the microgalvanic coupling effect between the intermetallic phases/particles and the magnesium matrix has a detrimental effect on the corrosion performance of these materials; and b) the inclusion of REEs in the alloy matrix and the incorporation of these elements in the surface film during alloy corrosion can be beneficial (Leleu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Corrosion Of We Series Magnesium Alloys Corrosion Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earth Based Magnesium Alloys—A Review on WE Series

2022

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Magnesium and magnesium alloys have attracted growing attention over the last decades as lightweight materials for a wide range of applications. In particular, WE series magnesium alloys have experienced growing interest over the last years due to their favourable mechanical properties at room and elevated temperatures. In addition, it has been reported that these rare earth-containing alloys possess superior corrosion resistance compared to other commonly used magnesium alloys, such as AZ series. This review aims at providing a concise overview of the research efforts made during recent years regarding the properties of WE series magnesium alloys (e.g., mechanical properties, corrosion behaviour), how these properties can be enhanced by controlling the microstructure of these materials, and the role of specific alloying elements that are used for the WE series. The widespread use of these materials has been limited, mainly due to their susceptibility to corrosion. Thus, in the present review, strong emphasis has been given to recent work studying the corrosion behaviour of the WE series alloys, and to protective strategies that can be employed to mitigate their degradation.

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Section: Corrosion Of We Series Magnesium Alloys Corrosion Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earth Based Magnesium Alloys—A Review on WE Series

2022

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“…Baradarani et al [45] observed a significant reduction in current density due to ultrafine grains and uniformly dispersed Al elements formed due to hybrid ultrasonic-friction stir processing of AZ91 grade alloy. Eivani et al [46] reported that the second phase particle breakup and redispersion resulted in a stronger protective layer and enhanced corrosion resistance of multipass FS-treated WE43 magnesium alloy. Kish et al [47] reported that the resident potentials are imperative in determining overall anodic and cathodic regions and the corrosion propagation (i.e., spreading of corrosion) depends on the breakdown voltage.…”

Section: Comparison Of Corrosion Resistance Of Rz5 Base Metal With Op...mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the mechanical, microstructural, and corrosion properties of pulsed gas tungsten arc and friction stir welded RZ5 rare earth grade magnesium alloy

LAKSHMIKHANTH

Lakshminarayanan²

2022

Mater. Res. Express

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Experimental studies have been conducted on the microstructure, mechanical, and corrosion characteristics of magnesium alloy RZ5 that has been butt welded. Pulsed tungsten inert gas (PTIG) and friction stir welding (FSW) are two distinct welding techniques that have been considered. The weld metal of the PTIG joint exhibited finer grain cast structures of 10 μm with coarser intergranular eutectic τ-Phase particles as compared to the coarse-grained cast base metal microstructure of 104 μm. The FSW joints microstructural investigation revealed that the precipitates with globular morphology had spread out throughout the wrought ultrafine α-Mg grains of 2 μm. X-ray elemental distribution and phase analysis indicated that in base metal and weld joints, the grain boundaries and interior zones were enriched with Zn and Zr elements with corresponding secondary phases. Microhardness measurements showed the softening is reduced in the heat-affected zone of FSW compared to PTIG joints. The stir zone exhibits the highest hardness of 120.4 HV0.2 which is 40 % higher than the fusion zone hardness of PTIG welds. Electrochemical polarization scans and immersion testing indicated that the weld zone of the FSW joint exhibits higher corrosion resistance than the RZ5 base alloy and PTIG welds. The corrosion data (i.e., higher corrosion potential, lower current density, and higher breakdown potential) obtained from the polarisation scans are correlated with the microstructural features after immersion testing.

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“…Hardness testing revealed that the dispersion nHA had a remarkable impact on the surface layer's hardness, where the hardness value depends on the nHA content. Eivani et al [102] point out that using FSP resulted in a considerable reduction in grain size. After two runs of FSP, the grain size was diminished from 12.4 mm to 2.5 mm.…”

Section: Joining Mechanism Of Fsw/fsp Of Mg-based Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cause can be attributed to the more heat produced close to the shoulder affected zone (SAZ) compared to the center of SZ [28]. Figure 7b-e depicts EBSD micrographs of the grain structure in the stir zone (SZ) of magnesium alloy specimens after 1, 2, 4, and 6 passes of FSP [102]. Throughout the FSP, there was a gradual decline in grain size from 5.47 to 1.41 µm.…”

Section: Microstructural Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction Stir Welding/Processing of Mg-Based Alloys: A Critical Review on Advancements and Challenges

et al. 2021

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Friction stir welding (FSW) and friction stir processing (FSP) are two of the most widely used solid-state welding techniques for magnesium (Mg) and magnesium alloys. Mg-based alloys are widely used in the railway, aerospace, nuclear, and marine industries, among others. Their primary advantage is their high strength-to-weight ratio and usefulness as a structural material. Due to their properties, it is difficult to weld using traditional gas- or electric-based processes; however, FSW and FSP work very well for Mg and its alloys. Recently, extensive studies have been carried out on FSW and FSP of Mg-based alloys. This paper reviews the context of future areas and existing constraints for FSW/FSP. In addition, in this review article, in connection with the FSW and FSP of Mg alloys, research advancement; the influencing parameters and their influence on weld characteristics; applications; and evolution related to the microstructure, substructure, texture and phase formations as well as mechanical properties were considered. The mechanisms underlying the joining and grain refinement during FSW/FSP of Mg alloys-based alloys are discussed. Moreover, this review paper can provide valuable and vital information regarding the FSW and FSP of these alloys for different sectors of relevant industries.

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Applying multi-pass friction stir processing to refine the microstructure and enhance the strength, ductility and corrosion resistance of WE43 magnesium alloy

Cited by 76 publications

References 88 publications

Rare Earth Based Magnesium Alloys—A Review on WE Series

Rare Earth Based Magnesium Alloys—A Review on WE Series

On the mechanical, microstructural, and corrosion properties of pulsed gas tungsten arc and friction stir welded RZ5 rare earth grade magnesium alloy

Friction Stir Welding/Processing of Mg-Based Alloys: A Critical Review on Advancements and Challenges

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