Applying new biotechnologies to the study of occupational cancer--a workshop summary.

Toraason, Mark; Albertini, Richard J.; Bayard, Steven; Bigbee, William L.; Blair, Aaron; Boffetta, Paolo; Bonassi, Stefano; Chanock, Steven; Christiani, David C.; Eastmond, David A.; Hanash, Samuel; Henry, Carol J.; Kadlubar, Fred F.; Mirer, Frank; Nebert, Daniel W.; Rapport, Stephen; Rest, Kathleen M.; Rothman, Nathaniel; Ruder, Avima M.; Savage, Russell E.; Schulte, Paul A.; Siemiatycki, Jack; Shields, Peter G.; Smith, Martyn T.; Tolbert, Paige E.; Vermeulen, Roel; Víneis, Paolo; Wacholder, Sholom; Ward, Elizabeth; Waters, Michael J.; Weston, Ainsley

doi:10.1289/ehp.6343

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Likewise, the study of interphase cells has transformed the micronucleus assay, not only into a rapid and simple test for genotoxicity, but as a tool to evaluate important events like gene amplification 58 .…”

Section: Application Of Biomarkers To Environmental Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

PAH biomarkers for human health risk assessment: a review of the state-of-the-art

2008

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are widely distributed in the environment, and some are carcinogenic to human beings. The study of biomarkers has helped clarify the nature and magnitude of the human health risks posed by such substances. This article provides a review of the state-of-the-art on PAH biomarkers for human health risk assessment and also discusses their applicability within the context of environmental management in Brazil. The article discusses the methodologies for determination of some biomarkers such as 1-hydroxypyrene and PAH-DNA adducts. Cytogenetic markers, frequency of chromosomal aberrations, and micronucleus induction were considered for the evaluation of cancer risk. The current stage of studies on validation of such biomarkers was also approached.

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Section: Application Of Biomarkers To Environmental Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

PAH biomarkers for human health risk assessment: a review of the state-of-the-art

2008

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“…New biological and genetic techniques are being developed that somewhat overcome the dependence on large study populations and longitudinal study designs and hold promise for studying health effects related to chronic low-level exposure to pesticides. These new techniques fall primarily into three areas: markers of DNA and RNA damage or repair, indicators of oxidative stress, and markers of changes in gene expression related to exposure to pesticides ( Bolognesi 2003 ; Toraason et al 2004 ). Many of these biomarkers are in a developmental status, have not been used extensively in agricultural populations, and lack evidence of an association between the biomarker and specific health outcomes.…”

Section: Needs and Emerging Techniques In The Measure Of Health End Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying Health Outcomes in Farmworker Populations Exposed to Pesticides

McCauley

Anger

Keifer

et al. 2006

Environ Health Perspect

201

113

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A major goal of studying farmworkers is to better understand how their work environment, including exposure to pesticides, affects their health. Although a number of health conditions have been associated with pesticide exposure, clear linkages have yet to be made between exposure and health effects except in cases of acute pesticide exposure. In this article, we review the most common health end points that have been studied and describe the epidemiologic challenges encountered in studying these health effects of pesticides among farmworkers, including the difficulties in accessing the population and challenges associated with obtaining health end point data. The assessment of neurobehavioral health effects serves as one of the most common and best examples of an approach used to study health outcomes in farmworkers and other populations exposed to pesticides. We review the current limitations in neurobehavioral assessment and strategies to improve these analytical methods. Emerging techniques to improve our assessment of health effects associated with pesticide exposure are reviewed. These techniques, which in most cases have not been applied to farmworker populations, hold promise in our ability to study and understand the relationship between pesticide exposure and a variety of health effects in this population.

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“…The approaches have been used for classifying exposures to a variety of chemicals and drugs, for example, hydrazine, 2-bromoethanamine, lead acetate, cadmium, and acetaminophen based on mechanism of action and dose; they have been used for classifying health outcomes for cardiovascular disease and cancer based on disease status and severity (Brindle et al 2002; Chevalier 2004; Choi et al 2004; Chung et al 2002; Coen et al 2003; Griffin et al 2001; Hamadeh et al 2002; Holleman et al 2004; Holmes et al 2000, 2001; Kimura et al 2004; Petricoin et al 2004a, 2004b; Posadas et al 2004; Robertson et al 2000; Tallman et al 2004; Troyer et al 2004). Toxicogenomics approaches have been used for predicting the mechanism of action of toxicants and drugs (Gavanagh et al 2000; German et al 2003; Phelps et al 2002; Toraason et al 2004) and for characterizing the functional significance of genetic polymorphisms (Raamsdonk et al 2001; Suarez-Merino et al 2005). The primary basis of classification and discovery in these studies is the molecular signature.…”

Section: Biologic Exposure Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized Exposure Assessment: Promising Approaches for Human Environmental Health Research

Weis

Balshaw

Barr

et al. 2005

Environ Health Perspect

119

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New technologies and methods for assessing human exposure to chemicals, dietary and lifestyle factors, infectious agents, and other stressors provide an opportunity to extend the range of human health investigations and advance our understanding of the relationship between environmental exposure and disease. An ad hoc Committee on Environmental Exposure Technology Development was convened to identify new technologies and methods for deriving personalized exposure measurements for application to environmental health studies. The committee identified a “toolbox” of methods for measuring external (environmental) and internal (biologic) exposure and assessing human behaviors that influence the likelihood of exposure to environmental agents. The methods use environmental sensors, geographic information systems, biologic sensors, toxicogenomics, and body burden (biologic) measurements. We discuss each of the methods in relation to current use in human health research; specific gaps in the development, validation, and application of the methods are highlighted. We also present a conceptual framework for moving these technologies into use and acceptance by the scientific community. The framework focuses on understanding complex human diseases using an integrated approach to exposure assessment to define particular exposure–disease relationships and the interaction of genetic and environmental factors in disease occurrence. Improved methods for exposure assessment will result in better means of monitoring and targeting intervention and prevention programs.

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Applying new biotechnologies to the study of occupational cancer--a workshop summary.

Cited by 29 publications

References 3 publications

PAH biomarkers for human health risk assessment: a review of the state-of-the-art

PAH biomarkers for human health risk assessment: a review of the state-of-the-art

Studying Health Outcomes in Farmworker Populations Exposed to Pesticides

Personalized Exposure Assessment: Promising Approaches for Human Environmental Health Research

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