Applying Resilience Concepts in Forest Management: A Retrospective Simulation Approach

Dymond, Caren C.; Spittlehouse, David L.; Tedder, Sinclair; Hopkins, Katherine; McCallion, Katharine; Sandland, James

doi:10.3390/f6124377

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…It has also been found that diversifying the forest in combination with harvesting the most dominant or high‐risk tree species may lead to greater ecological resilience, higher harvest rates, and higher net revenue over time than business‐as‐usual strategies (Dymond et al. , ). However, those studies also demonstrated that it may not be possible to increase the diversity of some forests through planting alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study of forest management adaptation options in Austria, while more comprehensive than ours, found options like promoting mixed stands of species adapted to changing climatic conditions, forestry techniques encouraging complexity, and increased intensity of forest management were available to move away from current management and reduce vulnerability in timber supply, carbon stocks, and productivity although not necessarily to zero vulnerability (Seidl et al 2011). It has also been found that diversifying the forest in combination with harvesting the most dominant or highrisk tree species may lead to greater ecological resilience, higher harvest rates, and higher net revenue over time than business-as-usual strategies (Dymond et al 2014(Dymond et al , 2015b. However, those studies also demonstrated that it may not be possible to increase the diversity of some forests through planting alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, Dymond et al. , ). It has been hypothesized that the most resilient forest contains several specialist tree species in which species respond differently to a given future, so despite the future being unpredictable, there will be species present that would likely be able to exploit the climatic niche that occurs (Crowe and Parker ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the frequently mentioned forest management strategies to mitigate climate change effects and manage for future uncertainty is to increase the resilience of forests by diversifying it and thus reducing the dependence of ecological services on our ability to predict the future climate (Noss 2001, Temperli et al 2012, Dymond et al 2014, 2015b. It has been hypothesized that the most resilient forest contains several specialist tree species in which species respond differently to a given future, so despite the future being unpredictable, there will be species present that would likely be able to exploit the climatic niche that occurs (Crowe and Parker 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Climate change mitigation through adaptation: the effectiveness of forest diversification by novel tree planting regimes

2017

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Climate change is projected to have negative implications for forest ecosystems and their dependent communities and industries. Adaptation studies of forestry practices have focused on maintaining the provisioning of ecosystem services; however, those practices may have implications for climate change mitigation as well by increasing biological sinks or reducing emissions. Assessments of the effectiveness of adaptation strategies to mitigate climate change are therefore needed; however, they have not been done for the world's northern coniferous forests. Diversifying the forest by planting tree species more likely suited to a future climate is a potential adaptation strategy to increase resilience. The efficacy of this strategy to reduce the risks of climate change is uncertain, and other ecosystem services provided by the forest are also likely to be affected. We used a spatially explicit forest landscape modeling framework (LANDIS‐II) to simulate the effects of planting a range of native tree species in colder areas than where they are currently planted in a managed temperate coniferous forest landscape in British Columbia, Canada. We investigated impacts on carbon pools, fluxes, tree species diversity, and harvest levels under different climate scenarios for 100 yr (2015–2115) and found that the capacity of our forest landscape to sequester carbon would largely depend on the precipitation rates in the future, rather than on temperature. We further found that, irrespective of the climate prediction model, current planting standards led to relatively low levels of resilience as indicated by carbon fluxes and stocks, net primary productivity (NPP), and species diversity. In contrast, planting a mix of alternative tree species was generally superior in increasing the resilience indicators: carbon stocks and fluxes, NPP, and tree species diversity, but not harvest rates. The second best novel planting regime involved adding Pinus contorta to the stocking standard in three ecoregions; however, that species is susceptible to a high number of insects and pathogens. We conclude that although the capacity of temperate coniferous forest landscapes to sequester carbon in the future is largely dependent on the precipitation regime, negative effects may be counteracted to some extent by increasing resilience through tree species diversity in forests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Climate change mitigation through adaptation: the effectiveness of forest diversification by novel tree planting regimes

2017

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“…The resilience of the system is its ability to absorb a shock wave in such a way that it can return to a normal state with the least possible delay and with the least possible dysfunction (IPPC 2012;Dymond et al 2015). Ensuring decisionmakers have a high level of information and preparedness corresponds with the enhancement of this systemic resilience.…”

Section: Risk Mitigation At the Systemic Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated and systemic management of storm damage by the forest-based sector and public authorities

Riguelle

Hebert

Jourez

2016

Annals of Forest Science

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Evaluating forest resilience to global threats using functional response traits and network properties

Aquilué

Filotas

Craven

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

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Ecosystem functions provided by forests are threatened by direct and indirect effects of global change drivers such as climate warming land‐use change, biological invasions, and shifting natural disturbance regimes. To develop resilience‐based forest management, new tools and methods are needed to quantitatively estimate forest resilience to management and future natural disturbances. We propose a multidimensional evaluation of ecological resilience based on species functional response traits (e.g., functional response diversity and functional redundancy) and network properties of forested patches (e.g., connectivity, modularity, and centrality). Using a fragmented rural landscape in temperate south‐eastern Canada as a reference landscape, we apply our multidimensional approach to evaluate two alternative management strategies at three levels of intensity: (1) functional enrichment of current forest patches and (2) multi‐species plantations in previously non‐forested patches. Within each management strategy, planted species are selected to maximize functional diversity, drought tolerance, or pest resistance. We further compare how ecological resilience under these alternative management strategies responds to three simulated disturbances: drought, pest outbreak, and timber harvesting. We found that both management strategies enhance resilience at the landscape scale by increasing functional response diversity and connectivity. Specifically, when the less functionally diverse patches are prioritized for management, functional enrichment is more effective than the establishment of new multi‐species plantations in increasing resilience. In addition, randomly allocated multi‐species plantations increased connectivity more than those allocated in riparian areas. Our results show that across various management strategies, planting species to enhance biodiversity led to the highest increase in functional response diversity while planting pest‐resistant species led to the highest increase in landscape connectivity. Planting biodiversity‐enhancing species (i.e., species that maximize functional diversity) mitigated drought effects equally well as planting with drought‐tolerant species. Our multidimensional approach facilitates the characterization at the landscape scale of forest resilience to disturbances using both functional diversity and network properties while accounting for the importance of response traits to future disturbances. The simulation approach we used can be applied to forest landscapes across different biomes for the evaluation and comparison of forest management initiatives to enhance resilience.

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Applying Resilience Concepts in Forest Management: A Retrospective Simulation Approach

Cited by 15 publications

References 42 publications

Climate change mitigation through adaptation: the effectiveness of forest diversification by novel tree planting regimes

Climate change mitigation through adaptation: the effectiveness of forest diversification by novel tree planting regimes

Integrated and systemic management of storm damage by the forest-based sector and public authorities

Evaluating forest resilience to global threats using functional response traits and network properties

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