Artificial
neural networks (ANNs) have been successfully used in
the past to predict different properties of polymers based on their
chemical structure and to localize and quantify the intramonomer contributions
to these properties. In this work, we propose to move forward in order
to use the mathematical framework of the ANN for embedding the chemical
structure of monomers into a high-dimensional abstract space. This
approach allows us not only to accurately predict the glass transition
temperature (T
g) of polymers but, even
more important, also to encode their chemical structure as m-dimensional vectors in a mathematical space. For this
aim, we employed a fully connected neural network trained with a set
of more than 200 atactic acrylates that provide the coordinates of
the vectorized chemical structures into the m-dimensional
space. These data points were then treated with a hierarchical nonparametric
clusterization method in order to automatically group similar chemical
structures into clusters with alike properties. These clusters were
then projected into a human-readable three-dimensional space using
principal component analysis. This approach allows us to deal with
chemical structures as if they were mathematical entities and therefore
to perform quantitative operations, so far hardly imaginable, being
essential for both the design of new materials and the understanding
of the structure–property relationships.