Applying the seedling-emergence method under waterlogged conditions to detect the seed bank of aquatic plants in submerged sediments

Boedeltje, Ger; Heerdt, G.N.J. ter; Bakker, Jan P.

doi:10.1016/s0304-3770(01)00224-8

Cited by 107 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Seeds, oospores and vegetative propagules of submerged macrophytes are most likely dispersed by water, but also by wind and animals (Boedeltje et al, 2002, 2003, Charalambidou & Santamaria, 2005Soons et al, 2008). In terrestrial ecology, the probability of dispersal via water is quantified by the buoyancy of the seed (Kleyer et al, 2008), assuming that long floating time enhances dispersal.…”

Section: Dispersal Of Propagulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such large differences will strongly affect the results of the propagule bank assays. Based on trials, Boedeltje et al (2002) recommend to further standardise aquatic propagule bank research by using moist, but not submerged sediment.…”

Section: Dispersal Of Propagulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recruitment from the dispersed propagules and from the propagule bank may depend on the environmental conditions, including light, soil moisture and nutrient availability (Sederias & Colman, 2007. Although data on germination of submerged macrophytes are scarce, seedling emergence tests show that propagules of submerged macrophytes can germinate as well on moist and wet sediment (Boedeltje et al, 2002;De Winton, 2000;Espinar & Clemente, 2007) as under water (Harwell & Havens, 2003;Porter et al, 2007). Moreover, P. pectinatus is known to recruit more from seeds with decreasing latitude, due to a higher probability of summer drought at these latitudes, which reduces survival of tubers and thus also their clonal reproduction (Santamaria & Garcia, 2004).…”

Section: Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some even produce specialised vegetative dispersal organs, turions and other vegetative propagules which can regrow easily, even under very low light conditions (Xie et al, 2010). Generally, the clonal recruitment through vegetative propagules is considered to prevail over that from seeds and oospores as they often outnumber seeds in trapping experiments (Boedeltje et al, 2002(Boedeltje et al, , 2003. Capers (2003) found that about 60% of the individuals that colonised bare soil in freshwater tidal areas originated from vegetative propagules.…”

Section: Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Restoring macrophyte diversity in shallow temperate lakes: biotic versus abiotic constraints

et al. 2012

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Although many lake restoration projects have led to decreased nutrient loads and increased water transparency, the establishment or expansion of macrophytes does not immediately follow the improved abiotic conditions and it is often unclear whether vegetation with high macrophyte diversity will return. We provide an overview of the potential bottlenecks for restoration of submerged macrophyte vegetation with a high biodiversity and focus on the biotic factors, including the availability of propagules, herbivory, plant competition and the role of remnant populations. We found that the potential for restoration in many lakes is large when clear water conditions are met, even though the macrophyte community composition of the early 1900s, the start of humaninduced large-scale eutrophication in Northwestern Europe, could not be restored. However, emerging charophytes and species rich vegetation are often lost due to competition with eutrophic species. Disturbances such as herbivory can limit dominance by eutrophic species and improve macrophyte diversity. We conclude that it is imperative to study the role of propagule availability more closely as well as the biotic interactions including herbivory and plant competition. After abiotic conditions are met, these will further determine macrophyte diversity and define what exactly can be restored and what not.

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Section: Dispersal Of Propagulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dispersal Of Propagulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Restoring macrophyte diversity in shallow temperate lakes: biotic versus abiotic constraints

et al. 2012

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“…Because of nonhomogeneity of the variances, non-parametric statistical analyses (Kruskal-Wallis test) were performed to test difference in seedling abundances (or densities) among zones for species with frequencies greater than 30%. Multiple comparisons were done with a Wilcoxon rank sum test, when the Kruskal-Wallis test indicated significant differences (Boedeltje et al 2002). A Bonferroni correction (P = 0.05/2 = 0.025) was used to determine differences in statistical significance between zones.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Bank Variation Along a Water Depth Gradient in a Subtropical Lakeshore Marsh, Longgan Lake, China

Yuan

Liu

et al. 2006

Plant Ecol

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Although zonation patterns of the standing vegetation along a water depth gradient in wetlands have been well described, few studies have explored whether such patterns also occur in the seed bank. This study examined patterns of the seed bank along a water depth gradient in three vegetation types (submerged zone, floatingleaved zone, and emergent zone) of a subtropical lakeshore marsh, Longgan Lake, China. Submerged zone is the deepest water and never exposed its soil to air, and was dominant by submerged species; floating-leaved zone is waterlogged soil even during drawdown and was dominant by Nelumbo nucifera; emergent zone is rarely exceeded 1 m water depth during the wet season (summer and autumn), and the marsh soil was usually exposed to air during drawdown (winter and spring), and is dominant by Zizania latifolia, Polygonum hydropiper and Scirpus yagara. It was found that many species were ubiquitous in the seed bank. Frequency of distribution and densities of the dominant species, however, varied significantly from zone to zone. A total of 22 species was recorded in submerged zone, 20 in floating-leaved zone, and 29 in emergent zone.Germinated seedling density was 1,580, 8,994 and 20,424 seedlings m -2 in submerged zone, floatingleaved zone, and emergent zone, respectively. Submerged and floating-leaved species were significantly abundant in the submerged zone, while the emergent species were found predominantly in the emergent zone. A fern species, Ceratopsis pterioides, was the most abundant seedling in seed banks from all three zones. A TWINSPAN dendrogram and CCA ordination diagram clearly showed separation of species among sites with the emergent zone being well separated from the submerged zone and floating-leaved zone, thus revealing marked zonal patterns in species distributions in the seed bank. This pattern of zonation reflected the pattern in the standing vegetation.

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Investigation of North American vegetation variability under recent climate: A study using the SSiB4/TRIFFID biophysical/dynamic vegetation model

et al. 2015

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Recent studies have shown that current dynamic vegetation models have serious weaknesses in reproducing the observed vegetation dynamics and contribute to bias in climate simulations. This study intends to identify the major factors that underlie the connections between vegetation dynamics and climate variability and investigates vegetation spatial distribution and temporal variability at seasonal to decadal scales over North America (NA) to assess a 2-D biophysical model/dynamic vegetation model's (Simplified Simple Biosphere Model version 4, coupled with the Top-down Representation of Interactive Foliage and Flora Including Dynamics Model (SSiB4/TRIFFID)) ability to simulate these characteristics for the past 60 years (1948 through 2008). Satellite data are employed as constraints for the study and to compare the relationships between vegetation and climate from the observational and the simulation data sets. Trends in NA vegetation over this period are examined. The optimum temperature for photosynthesis, leaf drop threshold temperatures, and competition coefficients in the Lotka-Volterra equation, which describes the population dynamics of species competing for some common resource, have been identified as having major impacts on vegetation spatial distribution and obtaining proper initial vegetation conditions in SSiB4/TRIFFID. The finding that vegetation competition coefficients significantly affect vegetation distribution suggests the importance of including biotic effects in dynamical vegetation modeling. The improved SSiB4/TRIFFID can reproduce the main features of the NA distributions of dominant vegetation types, the vegetation fraction, and leaf area index (LAI), including its seasonal, interannual, and decadal variabilities. The simulated NA LAI also shows a general increasing trend after the 1970s in responding to warming. Both simulation and satellite observations reveal that LAI increased substantially in the southeastern U.S. starting from the 1980s. The effects of the severe drought during 1987-1992 and the last decade in the southwestern U.S. on vegetation are also evident from decreases in the simulated and satellite-derived LAIs. Both simulated and satellite-derived LAIs have the strongest correlations with air temperature at northern middle to high latitudes in spring reflecting the effect of these climatic variables on photosynthesis and phenological processes. Meanwhile, in southwestern dry lands, negative correlations appear due to the heat and moisture stress there during the summer. Furthermore, there are also positive correlations between soil wetness and LAI, which increases from spring to summer. The present study shows both the current improvements and remaining weaknesses in dynamical vegetation models. It also highlights large continental-scale variations that have occurred in NA vegetation over the past six decades and their potential relations to climate. With more observational data availability, more studies with different models and focusing on different regions wil...

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Applying the seedling-emergence method under waterlogged conditions to detect the seed bank of aquatic plants in submerged sediments

Cited by 107 publications

References 31 publications

Restoring macrophyte diversity in shallow temperate lakes: biotic versus abiotic constraints

Restoring macrophyte diversity in shallow temperate lakes: biotic versus abiotic constraints

Seed Bank Variation Along a Water Depth Gradient in a Subtropical Lakeshore Marsh, Longgan Lake, China

Investigation of North American vegetation variability under recent climate: A study using the SSiB4/TRIFFID biophysical/dynamic vegetation model

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