Applying the Skill-Rule-Knowledge Framework to Understanding Operators’ Behaviors and Workload in Advanced Main Control Rooms

Lin, Chiuhsiang Joe; Shiang, Wei-Jung; Chuang, Chun‐Yu; Liou, Jin-Liang

doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2013.12.051

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…An interesting point is when the cognitive workload is considered for the development of human-computer interfaces (HCI), where it is indicated that the designers use structures that explicit the cognitive levels with the more efficient processing (SBB and RBB), i.e., structures that require the lowest cognitive workload at the same time they preserve the applicability when the cognitive workload is higher (Vicente and Rasmussen, 1992). However, the performance of an activity can be negatively affected even when the cognitive workload is small, as a result of boredom (Lin et al, 2014);…”

Section: Core Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, we can observe in works that use the SRK model a tendency of using factors for the measurement of human performances, like the mentioned, for the classification of the cognitive workload (SBB, RBB or KBB) of their users/operators during the performance of the specific tasks of their systems (Lin et al, 2014;Woodcock, 2014;Skalle et al, 2014).…”

Section: Core Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the goal of understanding the behavior of operators with different responsibilities in a main advanced control room, the work of Lin et al (2014) classifies the tasks of each worker from the cognitive workload used based on the SRK model and analyzing properties such as time, frequency and mental workload.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A proposal of a classification model for the cognitive workload of human activity in a context-aware system

Azevedo

Neto

Boufleuer

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Computing Research

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Abstract. The skill level of a person in processing information, reacting to his/her surroundings and decision making for performing an activity is determined by the allocation of the mental resources demanded by such activity. When the allocation is inappropriate, there is a higher possibility for some accident to occur. Thus, one can notice that the cognitive workload spent by the person is an important variable that can take him to a risky situation. Since it is not possible to measure the cognitive workload spent by a person during the performance of an activity directly, we noticed the need to evaluate the level of his/her performance in order to be possible to infer the cognitive workload used. So, we propose the creation of a model to classify the cognitive workload based on the behavioral model skill-rule-knowledge and the relations of performance properties with the context surrounding the person. The evaluation of the model was made using a public dataset and the results showed a promising approach for the classification of human performances.

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Section: Core Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Core Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A proposal of a classification model for the cognitive workload of human activity in a context-aware system

Azevedo

Neto

Boufleuer

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Computing Research

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“…In order to understand the behaviour of workers with different responsibilities in an advanced control room, in [12] the cognitive workload of the tasks of each worker was classified based on the SRK model and the analysis of other properties such as: time, frequency and mental workload 1 . For the control of amusement rides, the analysis of the behaviour of the ride operators can be used to determine an interface guideline for the ride control that prevents errors [21].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An approach based on activity theory and the SRK model for risk and performance evaluation of human activities in a context-aware middleware

Neto

Azevedo

Boufleuer

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia

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Even though human activities may involve physical injuries, there is not much discussion in the academy of how ubiquitous computing could assess the risk related to them. This paper proposes an approach to evaluate the risk of activities considering two factors: actions that compose activities and user performance in such activities. Risk management based on composed actions is measured through the analysis of the frequency of each action for a particular user, so that we are able to capture his customary behaviour. The evaluation of the user's performance is accomplished by addressing performance properties, such as: attention, duration, effectiveness, etc.Our work has its foundations in the Activity Theory for modeling activities allowing the mediation by tools of the interactions between the subject and the environment and in the behavioural model Skill-Rule-Knowledge for understanding the subject's behaviours. To validate our model we developed a case study to demonstrate the functioning of our work. In this scenario we analyze how activities are detected, actions are evaluated and the performance is inferred. At last, an analysis of the final risk for the activity is presented.

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“…The US Navy's aircraft carriers, nuclear power plants, and organizations such as air traffic control centers have experienced difficulties in reducing human errors [5]. For example, research has been conducted to divide workers' behavior based on skills, rules, and knowledge to reduce human errors in nuclear power plants [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigators’ Errors in a Ship Collision via Simulation Experiment in South Korea

et al. 2020

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A very significant number of marine accidents occur because of human errors. This study aimed to prevent ship collisions by identifying types of navigators’ errors. Based on Reason’s classification theory, the possible human errors are classified into skill-based slips (SBSs) (errors caused by the lack of skills), rule-based mistakes (RBMs) (errors caused by the misapplication of rules), and knowledge-based mistakes (KBMs) (errors caused by the lack of navigator’s knowledge). For this study, a scenario-based experiment using a ship-handling simulator was conducted with 50 recruited student navigators. The results revealed two primary human errors of accidents, namely lack of knowledge and misapplication of rules. The results suggest that a collision can be minimized when a navigator has sufficient knowledge of an appropriate course of action and a deep understanding of safety rules. Accidents cannot be prevented by identifying errors, but steps can be taken to narrow the knowledge gap. Based on the results, we proposed a simulation training on navigator error in an unfamiliar situation. The results are expected to reduce errors in the maritime sector using a human-centric work system.

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Applying the Skill-Rule-Knowledge Framework to Understanding Operators’ Behaviors and Workload in Advanced Main Control Rooms

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

A proposal of a classification model for the cognitive workload of human activity in a context-aware system

A proposal of a classification model for the cognitive workload of human activity in a context-aware system

An approach based on activity theory and the SRK model for risk and performance evaluation of human activities in a context-aware middleware

Navigators’ Errors in a Ship Collision via Simulation Experiment in South Korea

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