Applying weight gain in Pomacea lineata (Spix 1824) (Mollusca: Prosobranchia) as a measure of herbicide toxicity

Abstract

Pomacea lineata, an extremely ubiquitous snail and pest to rice farmers throughout Asia, holds promise as a valuable resource for monitoring water quality in northeast Brazil. In this paper, we present data demonstrating the rate of weight gain in P. lineata neonates as a consistent measure of the stress imposed by sublethal concentrations of the herbicides Paraquat and Round-up. Our secondary agenda is to demonstrate the feasibility of incorporating bioassay into the standard municipal and state procedure of monitoring water quality. Growth data to assess chronic toxicity were generated in experiments of four and four, eight, twelve and sixteen days for Paraquat and Round-up, respectively. We estimated a 96 h no observed effect concentration (NOEC) and lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) for Paraquat of 0.12 and 0.25 mg/L. The 96 h Round-up data yielded NOEC and LOEC values, respectively, of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/L. All concentrations of Round-up tested for the 192 h exposure yielded significantly lower growth than the control. Consequently, no NOEC could be derived. The LOEC was < 0.12 mg/L. Furthermore, there was no mortality during the test. At the lowest concentrations of Paraquat tested (0.005 mg/L) there was a significant increase in growth compared with the controls, suggesting a hormetic effect.Keywords: biomonitoring, herbicide pollution, weight gain, toxicity. Palavras-chave: biomonitoramento, poluição por herbicida, toxicidade, ganho de peso. RESUMO

Growth and survival of juvenile Pomacea canaliculata (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae) in plain streams associated to different land uses

“…Peña and Pocsidio (2007), for example, found that high concentrations of copper can cause a significant retardation in growth of mature P. canaliculata snails and similar results were described for the Florida apple snail, Pomacea paludosa (Hoang et al 2008). Additionally, Coler et al (2005) reported that even after a short exposure, the herbicides Paraquat and Round-up® can also cause a decrease in the growth of the sensitive newly hatched Pomacea lineata snails. In our research the growth and survival of juvenile P. canaliculata snails were assessed after exposure to the water of three streams from basins with different land uses.…”

“…The experiments were done with newly hatched snails (0-3 days old) because of their low mortality rate and their potential sensitivity to water pollution (Estebenet & Cazzaniga 1992;Coler et al 2005). The snails were obtained from several egg masses collected at the three streams.…”

Juvenile growth and survival of the apple snail Pomacea canaliculata (Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae) reared at different constant temperatures

“…canaliculata that will help to promote different applications of this species, such as its use as a component of high nitrate content in biological fertilizers (Vetayasuporn 2006) or as food for aquaculture (Bombeo-Tuburan et al 1995; Lan et al 2006) and for intensive animal farming (Kaensombath and Ogle 2005). The information obtained here will be also useful to the scheduling of laboratory trials intended for basic research, snail control (Joshi et al 2008; Song et al 2011) or mass rearing for ecotoxicological applications (Lo and Hsieh 2000; Coler et al 2005; Vega et al 2012). …”

Biota toxicity to herbicide Paraquat in Brazilian Northeast littoral reservoirs: need for a biomonitoring program for watershed management

“…The methodology employed to assay acute and chronic toxicity of Paraquat generally conformed to the appropriate sections listed in Eaton et al (1995). In those instances where they were modified they followed the procedures outline by Buikema et al (1980) for Daphnia similis, Batalla (1997), Melo et al (2000 and Coler et al (2005) for the snail Pomacea lineata, and Aragão et al (1998) and for the prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum.…”