Appraisal and Coping Process Immediately Before Ejection: A Study of Australian and Swedish Pilots

Larsson, Gerry; Hayward, Brent A.

doi:10.1207/s15327876mp0202_1

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In terms of coping strategies, positive appraisals (i.e., stressor as challenging) and problem-focused coping strategies have been shown to be consistently associated with good performance in pilots (Larsson & Hayward, 1990). However, negative appraisals (i.e., stressor as threatening) have been associated with poor performance (Larsson & Hayward, 1990), and ineffective stress coping (e.& "acting out" behavior) has been shown to be related to a higher incidence of pilot error mishaps (Alkov, Gaynor, & Borowsky, 1985).…”

Section: Pilot Personality and Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Pilot Personality and Individual Differences in the Stress Response

Cuevas

2003

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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Everyday many pilots are able to successhlly perform in stressful, high demand, high workload environments under conditions of time pressure and uncertainty. These capable pilots are attributed with having the personality characteristics, coping strategies, and skills necessary for dealing with such difficult situations. The present discussion will review current theorizing on the factors that may mitigate the stress response and identify the prevalence of these variables in pilots, as compared to the general population, in an attempt to gain a better understanding of pilot performance under stress. Implications for personnel selection and training will be discussed in the context of cognitive appraisal.

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Section: Pilot Personality and Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, negative appraisals (i.e., stressor as threatening) have been associated with poor performance (Larsson & Hayward, 1990), and ineffective stress coping (e.& "acting out" behavior) has been shown to be related to a higher incidence of pilot error mishaps (Alkov, Gaynor, & Borowsky, 1985).…”

Section: Pilot Personality and Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

The Pilot Personality and Individual Differences in the Stress Response

Cuevas

2003

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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“…The two former, which include strategies such as avoiding or minimizing the problem (emotion‐focused) or taking steps to solve the problem (problem‐focused), seem to be the most efficient ways of coping with stress (e.g., Strentz & Auerbach, 1988). Problem solving or instrumental self‐management are generally perceived as adaptive or protective strategies, and have been linked to successful coping in high performance/ high stress situations (Larson & Hayward, 1990; Larsson, Kempe & Starrin, 1988). Emotion‐focused coping has been related to lower levels of post‐traumatic stress reactions through crisis support (Joseph, Williams & Yule, 1992), and findings in a military sample indicate that emotion‐focused strategy is a resilient coping strategy (Eid, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The possible benefits of difficulty: How stress can increase and decrease subjective well‐being

Karlsen¹,

Dybdahl

Vittersø

2006

Scandinavian J Psychology

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This study explores the effects of stress, trauma, coping and growth orientation on subjective well-being. Based on cognitive stress theory, it was hypothesized that adversity may contribute to increased or decreased well-being, depending on the subsequent meaning these experiences are given. Survey data from Norwegian UN/NATO veterans (N= 142) showed that stress and well-being were negatively associated (r=-0.20, p < 0.05) at the level of zero-order correlations. However, a full structural equation model revealed that the effect of stress on well-being was mediated positively through a problem-focused coping process combined with a growth component. Stress was negatively mediated through an avoidant-focused coping process and a distress component. The effect from stress was fully mediated in the model. The hypothesis that stress can produce both increased and decreased subjective well-being was confirmed.

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