Appraisal, psychological adjustment and expressed emotion in relatives of patients suffering from schizophrenia

Barrowclough, Christine; Parle, Michael

doi:10.1192/bjp.171.1.26

Cited by 126 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results are encouraging and support the value of self-report measure in evaluating the affective environment of patients with schizophrenia, and in need of replication to other samples [2,10]. With such encouraging results, it is also important to further explore whether high expressed emotion perceived by patients can be predictive of symptom exacerbations and relapse from schizophrenia and other severe mental illnesses at least six months later, as measured with the "traditional" measurements from a main caregiver [4,6,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, recent literature suggested that patients themselves should be the focus of assessment in understanding their perceptions of the influential relationship with and attitudes of their families. Comments and emotions expressed by family caregivers may be perceived by their relative with mental illness as signs of love and care, or sometimes as coercive attempts to restore his/her desirable social behavior [8]. The 60-item level of expressed emotion scale (LEE) developed by Cole and Kazarian [9] is the only available valid instrument that addresses the importance of and increasing evidence on high validity of perceived EE by patients about their own behavior [2,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testing the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the Level of Expressed Emotion scale

Chien

Chan

2008

Research in Nursing & Health

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This study tested the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the level of expressed emotion scale in Hong Kong Chinese patients with severe mental illness and their family caregivers. First, the semantic equivalence with the original English version and test-retest reliability at 2-week interval of the Chinese version was examined. After that, the reproducibility, construct validity, and internal consistency of the Chinese version were tested. The Chinese version indicated good semantic equivalence with the English version (kappa values = 0.76-0.95 and ICC = 0.81-0.92), test-retest reliability ( = 0.89-0.95, < 0.01), and internal consistency (Cronbach's = 0.86-0.92). Among 262 patients with severe mental illness and their caregivers, the 50-item Chinese version had substantial loadings on one of the four factors identified (intrusiveness/hostility, attitude towards patient, tolerance, and emotional involvement), accounting for 71.8% of the total variance of expressed emotion. In confirmatory factor analysis, the identified fourfactor model showed the best fit based on all fit indices ( 2 /df = 1.93, = 0.75; AGFI = 0.96; TLI = 1.02; RMSEA = 0.031; WRMR = 0.78) to the collected data. The four-factor Chinese version also indicated a good concurrent validity with significant correlations with family functioning ( = −0.54) and family burden ( = 0.49) and a satisfactory reproducibility over six months (intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.90). The mean scores of the overall and subscale of the Chinese version in patients with unipolar disorder were higher than in other illness groups (schizophrenia, psychotic disorders, and bipolar disorder; < 0.01). The Chinese version demonstrates sound psychometric properties to measure families' expressed emotion in Chinese patients with severe mental illness, which are found varied across countries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the Level of Expressed Emotion scale

Chien

Chan

2008

Research in Nursing & Health

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“…The relatives may perceive that the patient can no longer live with stress [37]. Families with high expressed emotion appear to be poor communicators with their ill relative, as they might talk more and listen less effectively [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mentally ill caregivers: Reverse burden of care and its relationship with medication adherence among women in India - an exploratory study.

Ram¹,

Kumar²,

Naik³

et al. 2017

J Behav Health

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Background: Caregivers (CGs) are often less adherent to medication due to the burden of caregiving. Women are often the main CGs in the family. The level of burden of care and medication adherence in mentally ill women CGs is unexplored. Aims: This study aimed to find out the levels of burden of care and its relationship with medication adherence in remitted mentally ill women CGs. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study, 100 remitted mentally ill women were recruited as per the selection criteria and assessed with sociodemographic pro forma, Zarit CG Burden Interview, and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Results: More than half of the participants experienced significant burden (27% with mild-moderate burden, 19% with moderate to severe burden, and 7% with severe burden). 39% of the participants had high adherence, while the rest had medium to low adherence (36% medium and 25% low). Caregiving burden was more among employed (P = 0.005), married (P = 0.035), rural residence (P = 0.050), living with spouse (P = 0.050), and poor knowledge of treatment options (P = 0.000). In multiple linear regression analysis, role strain had a significant association with medication adherence (P = 0.002). Conclusions: Significant caregiving burden and low medication adherence are common in remitted mentally ill women CGs. Role strains are positively associated with medication adherence.

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“…Det er familiemedlemmenes subjektive opplevelse av stress og belastning, hva de tenker om pasientens evne til å kontrollere symptomene, og hvordan de påvirkes, som viser seg å ha størst betydning for familieatmosfaeren og den videre utviklingen av psykosen (217).…”

Section: Forskningsbakgrunnunclassified

Psykisk syke mangler rettssikkerhet

Thowsen¹,

Overrein²

2017

Tidsskriftet

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Appraisal, psychological adjustment and expressed emotion in relatives of patients suffering from schizophrenia

Abstract: The study gives some support to the theory that appraisal processes underlie how relatives react to having a family member with schizophrenia, and may have implications both for identifying those at risk of poor adaptation, and for understanding strategies that improve well-being.

Cited by 126 publications

References 16 publications

Testing the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the Level of Expressed Emotion scale

Testing the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the Level of Expressed Emotion scale

Mentally ill caregivers: Reverse burden of care and its relationship with medication adherence among women in India - an exploratory study.

Psykisk syke mangler rettssikkerhet

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