Integrated reporting (IR) is considered an innovative and effective reporting tool that includes financial and nonfinancial information. Recently, there has been a heightened emphasis on IR from both academic and professional viewpoints. However, despite the importance of stakeholders in the practice of IR, their impact on the report drafting process has not been analysed in any study. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap by analysing the relationship between stakeholders' pressure and IR quality.On the basis of the stakeholder theory, this study uses a regression model to demonstrate how the IR quality is significantly and positively associated with the stakeholders' pressures. Specifically, results of this study indicate that pressures from customers, environmental protection organizations, employees, shareholders, and governments determine the IR quality. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates stakeholders' pressure as a determinant of IR quality. KEYWORDS disclosure, IIRC, integrated reporting, stakeholder pressure, stakeholder theory
| INTRODUCTIONAn increase in the relevance of nonfinancial disclosure, in general, and integrated reporting (IR), in particular, relates to two closely interlinked aspects: the marked criticality of stakeholder relationships in ensuring the medium-and long-term success of a company and the growing importance of voluntary disclosure models. Concerning the first aspect, the environment in which companies operate has been radically changed by several factors such as globalization, citizens' sensitivity to ecological issues, attention to human rights, financial scandals, and national and international regulation of social and environmental issues. These changes in the scenario in which companies operate have driven the need to think about new business models and to redefine processes, tools, and management models that will help companies to achieve not only financial goals but also social and environmental goals. The financial balance and the ability to obtain competitive advantages and to create value in the short, medium, and long terms are, consequently, closely connected with the quality of managing relationships with different stakeholders groups that bring the necessary skills and resources for conducting business activities. This context leads to the second aspect in which the analysis of nonfinancial disclosure becomes particularly relevant -the strategic criticality of voluntary disclosure. The management of communication activities has a significant impact on stakeholder relationships, and it is critical for the medium-and long-term success in terms of the extension of the company's stakeholders and their contributions. In relation to the two aspects outlined above, this study aims to analyse the impact of the stakeholders' pressure on IR quality. IR, developed by the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC), is a corporate reporting tool that resulted from the evolution of environmental, social, and sustainability reports. ...