Approach to determine individual trophic level and the difference in food sources of Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus in Sagami Bay, based on compound-specific nitrogen stable isotope analysis of amino acids

Miyachi, Shunsaku; Mayahara, Takeyuki; Tsushima, Kouji; Sasada, Katsuhiro; Kohno, Eiichi; Ogawa, Nanako O.; Chikaraishi, Yoshito; Ohkouchi, Naohiko

doi:10.1007/s12562-015-0923-2

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…L. japonicus) belong to food chains with intermediate baseline values (9.6−18.9 ‰). These results are consistent with our expectation of a large variation in the δ 15 N baseline values in Sagami Bay (Won et al 2007, Miyachi et al 2015).…”

Section: Food Web Structuresupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Open square marks the sampling site for this study. Sites of previous studies marked as follows: filled triangle, Chikaraishi et al (2014); filled diamond, Miyachi et al (2015). Arrows represent the Kuroshio and its branched currents between glutamic acid and phenylalanine in consumers (e.g.…”

Section: Calculation Of Tp and Isotopic Baselinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Setting the wrong baseline also led to serious overestimation of the TP for the planktivorous Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus (e.g. James 1988), which was estimated to be predatory according to the bulk isotope analysis (Miyachi et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trophic hierarchy of coastal marine fish communities viewed via compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids

Xing

Choi

Takizawa

et al. 2020

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Coastal marine ecosystems are very complex and composed of myriad organisms, including offshore, coastal, and migratory fish occupying diverse trophic positions (TPs) in food webs. The illustration of trophic hierarchy based on the TP and resource utilization of individual organisms remains challenging. In this study, we applied compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids to estimate the TP and isotopic baseline (i.e. δ15N values of primary resources at the base of food webs) for 13 fish and 1 squid species in a coastal area of Sagami Bay, Japan, where a large diversity in the isotopic baseline is caused by an admixture of ocean currents and artificial nitrogen inputs. Our results indicate that the TP of fish and squid varies between 2.9 and 3.9 (i.e. omnivorous, carnivorous, and tertiary consumers), with low variation within individual species. Moreover, the δ15N values of phenylalanine revealed the diversity of isotopic baselines between and within species. Low values (7.8-10.3‰) and high values (18.6-19.2‰), with a small variation (1σ < 1.0‰), were found in 2 offshore species and 3 coastal species, respectively. In contrast, highly variable values (9.8-19.7‰), with large variation within species (1σ > 1.0‰), were found for the remaining 9 migratory species. These results represent evidence of differential trophic exploitation of habitats between offshore and coastal species, particularly among individuals of migratory species, that were all collected in a single area of Sagami Bay.

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Section: Food Web Structuresupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Calculation Of Tp and Isotopic Baselinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Trophic hierarchy of coastal marine fish communities viewed via compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids

Xing

Choi

Takizawa

et al. 2020

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…These processes are not mutually exclusive, and both appear to impact TDF Glu by affecting the flux of nitrogen through transamination and deamination isotopic branch points. There are many systems that appear to be well characterized by a single Δ Glu/Phe value, where there are minimal changes in diet quality and/or mode of nitrogen excretion within a food web (e.g., Chikaraishi et al, 2009Chikaraishi et al, , 2011Ishikawa et al, 2014;Kruse et al, 2015;Miyachi et al, 2015). However, the accuracy of TP Glu/Phe estimates may be improved by directly incorporating Δ Glu/Phe variability into TP Glu/Phe estimates in systems where such changes do occur (e.g., Lorrain et al, 2009;Dale et al, 2011;Choy et al, 2012;Germain et al, 2013;Ruiz-Cooley et al, 2013Matthews and Ferguson, 2014;McMahon et al, 2015b).…”

Section: Variability In Trophic Discrimination Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the application of amino acid nitrogen isotopic analysis in ecological and biogeochemical studies

Ohkouchi

Chikaraishi

et al. 2017

Organic Geochemistry

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239

238

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Compound-specific isotopic analysis of amino acids (CSIA-AA) has emerged in the last decade as a powerful approach for tracing the origins and fate of nitrogen in ecological and biogeochemical studies. This approach is based on the empirical knowledge that source AAs (i.e., phenylalanine), fractionate 15 N very little (<0.5‰) during trophic transfer, whereas trophic AAs (i.e., glutamic acid), are greatly (~6-8‰) enriched in 15 N during each trophic step. The differential fractionation of these two AA groups can provide a valuable estimate of consumer trophic position that is internally indexed to the baseline δ 15 N value of the integrated food web. In this paper, we critically review the analytical methods for determining the nitrogen isotopic composition of AAs by gas chromatography/isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. We also discuss methodological considerations for accurate trophic position assessment of organisms using CSIA-AA. We then discuss the advantages and challenges of the CSIA-AA approach by examining published studies including trophic position assessment in various ecosystems, reconstruction of ancient human diets, reconstruction of animal migration and environmental variability, and assessment of marine organic matter dynamics. It is clear that the CSIA-AA approach can provide unique insight into the sources, cycling, and trophic modification of organic nitrogen as it flows through systems. However, some uncertainty still exists in how biochemical, physiological, and ecological mechanisms affect isotopic fractionation of trophic AAs. We end this review with a call for continued exploration of the mechanisms of AA isotopic fractionation, through various studies to promote the evolution of the rapidly growing field of CSIA-AA.

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“…The superior precision and accuracy of this method makes it suitable for studies attempting to resolve fine-scale variability in N sources and TPs. For instance, among primary or secondary consumers in marine pelagic systems, temporal and spatial variability in TP is usually around the order of ±0.4 TP (Hannides et al 2009;Choy et al 2012;Décima et al 2013;Choy et al 2015;Miyachi et al 2015;Bradley et al 2016;Laiz-Carrión et al 2019). Even small shifts in TP can be associated with significant food web disruptions and represent considerable changes in energy transfer up to higher level consumers (Vander Zanden et al 1999).…”

Section: Comments and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Errors associated with compound specific δ¹⁵N analysis of amino acids in preserved fish samples purified by high pressure liquid chromatography

Swalethorp

Aluwihare

Thompson

et al. 2019

Preprint

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During the past decade compound specific nitrogen (N) isotopic analysis of amino acids (CSIA-AA) has become an increasingly used method for tracking the origin and fate of N in ecological and biogeochemical studies. CSIA-AA has the potential for resolving finer scale trophic dynamics than previously possible with bulk stable isotope analysis (SIA) and for reconstructing past food webs using historical archives of organismal samples. However, there is little information on the effects of chemical preservation used in historical archives on δ 15 NAA values, and conventional CSIA conducted on derivatized AAs using gas chromatographycombustion -isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS) has analytical errors in the range of what may be expected from chemical preservation. Here we present analytical errors across 11 underivatized AA standards analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography followed by offline elemental analysis -IRMS (HPLC/EA-IRMS) an approach originally developed by Broek and McCarthy (2014). Using this method, we test the effects of ethanol and formaldehyde preservation (1½ and 27 years) on δ 15 NAA in Northern Anchovy (Engraulis mordax). We found minimal isotopic fractionation from the HPLC/EA-IRMS approach in 8 AAs and more than twice the precision (0.15 ± 0.08 ‰) typically reported for GC-C-IRMS. Preservation effects on δ 15 NAA were similar regardless of duration and type of preservative used. Although several AAs differed significantly from frozen control samples (average +1.0 ± 0.8 ‰), changes in trophic position (TP) estimates were insignificant. These results are encouraging for resolving the finescale natural variability expected in most low TP organisms via high precision HPLC/EA-IRMS and for the use of chemically preserved sample archives in reconstructing biogeochemical records and trophic dynamics over long time scales.

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Approach to determine individual trophic level and the difference in food sources of Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus in Sagami Bay, based on compound-specific nitrogen stable isotope analysis of amino acids

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Trophic hierarchy of coastal marine fish communities viewed via compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids

Trophic hierarchy of coastal marine fish communities viewed via compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids

Advances in the application of amino acid nitrogen isotopic analysis in ecological and biogeochemical studies

Errors associated with compound specific δ¹⁵N analysis of amino acids in preserved fish samples purified by high pressure liquid chromatography

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Approach to determine individual trophic level and the difference in food sources of Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus in Sagami Bay, based on compound-specific nitrogen stable isotope analysis of amino acids

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Trophic hierarchy of coastal marine fish communities viewed via compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids

Trophic hierarchy of coastal marine fish communities viewed via compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids

Advances in the application of amino acid nitrogen isotopic analysis in ecological and biogeochemical studies

Errors associated with compound specific δ15N analysis of amino acids in preserved fish samples purified by high pressure liquid chromatography

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Product

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Errors associated with compound specific δ¹⁵N analysis of amino acids in preserved fish samples purified by high pressure liquid chromatography