Approach to Inertial Compensation of HVdc Offshore Wind Farms by MMC With Ultracapacitor Energy Storage Integration

Zeng, Wu; Li, Rui; Huang, Lei; Liu, Chang; Cai, Xu

doi:10.1109/tie.2021.3134092

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the consumption capacity of the power system is limited [4][5][6] . With the further increase of penetration, the intermittence and fluctuation of RESs will threaten the stability of power system, like wide-band oscillation [7][8] , insufficient inertial [9][10] and so on. To make the utmost of RESs and break through the limitation, the hydrogen production technology by electrolyzing water using the surplus renewable electricity, namely green hydrogen, is considered as a promising solution [11][12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Bunching Effect of Large-Scale Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution

Wei,

Xia,

Cheng

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Alkaline water electrolysers (AWEs) are suitable for the industrial hydrogen production driven by renewable energy sources. However, the understanding about the operating principle of large-scale AWEs is not profound and enough. Here, we report the current bunching effect and its related phenomena for large-scale AWEs, namely low-load inefficiency and anomalous efficiency-temperature relationship. It is generally thought that the electrolysis or ionic current is distributed uniformly on the surface of bipolar plates in AWEs, but in fact, the current is not consistent and locates within narrow areas especially for low-load states. Through the detailed electric field calculation, the mechanism of current bunching effect is revealed. It is pointed out that the physical structures and electrical characteristics instead of the chemical properties of AWEs are strongly related to the current bunching effect. Based on the found current bunching effect, the inefficiency and anomalous efficiency-temperature relationship of low-load AWEs can be explained effectively. This work sheds new light on and provides inspiration for the further development of the industrial hydrogen production from fluctuating renewable energy sources based on low-cost AWEs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Bunching Effect of Large-Scale Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution

Wei,

Xia,

Cheng

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The arm submodule of MMC-HVDC contains a large number of capacitors that can provide certain inertia support for the connected AC system. For this reason, scholars have conducted much research [23][24][25][26]. In order to reduce the influence of parameters on MMC-HVDC virtual inertia control and improve its transient and steady-state performance, Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Active Inertia Control Strategy of MMC-HVDC Systems for Flexible Frequency Support

Lv,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Electronics

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The Modular Multilevel Converter High Voltage Direct Current Transmission (MMC-HVDC) technology is considered to be the most feasible choice for high-voltage and high-power transmission systems, and its flexibility and high controllability provide a new solution for renewable energy grid integration. The MMC topology contains a large number of capacitors, which enables it to provide a certain active inertia support for the connected AC system. Different from a synchronous machine, the active inertia control of an MMC can flexibly adjust a system’s inertia-supporting power by changing the control parameters. By introducing a variation of the Sigmoid function with amplitude-limiting capability, this paper proposes an adaptive active inertia control strategy for the MMC-HVDC system. The proposed scheme adjusts the inertia constant adaptively according to the frequency change rate of the AC system, which can better respond to the frequency recovery performance. Finally, the MMC-HVDC simulation model is established in PSCAD/EMTDC to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

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