Approach to mushroom intoxication and treatment: Can we decrease mortality?

Ahıshalı, Emel; Boynueğri, Başak; Ozpolat, Eyup; Sürmeli, Heves; Dolapcioglu, Can; Dabak, Reşat; Bahçebaşı, Zerrin Bicik; Bayramiçli, Oya Uygur

doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2011.11.004

Cited by 30 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Mortality rates have historically been reported as high as 20-30 % in adults and >50 % in children; however, more recent data indicates that the mortality rates are declining and are currently often reported at <10 %; however, in some current reports, mortality rates continue to be higher than 10 % [26,31,36,38]. Trabulus found that patients who died were more likely to have low mean arterial pressures (MAP<70 mmHg), encephalopathy (confusion, stupor, and coma), mucosal hemorrhage, and oliguria-anuria.…”

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The practice of predicting prognosis by utilizing the latency to GI symptom development should be reconsidered. Not all patients presenting with symptoms within 6 h of ingestion have a benign course [8,20,26]. Interestingly, if A. phalloides ingestion is known, or strongly suspected, to have occurred and diarrhea develops in <8 h, the prognosis is poorer [25].…”

Section: Overview Of Initial General Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mushrooms in the Phalloideae section produce fulminant hepatic failure, while mushrooms in the Lepidella and Amidella sections produce primarily acute renal injury and mushrooms in the Amanita class produce an inebriating syndrome. Sources: Mendez-Navarro et al [3] and Kirchmair et al [4] and Kirchmair and Poder [5] treatment with an antidote seems prudent [26] (see Table 3 and hepatotoxic mushroom section below).…”

Section: Overview Of Initial General Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some recommend multiple-dose activated charcoal (20-40 g every 3-4 h for 24 h or 50 g every 6 h) and nasoduodenal suctioning to limit enterohepatic recirculation of amatoxin, because approximately 60 % of absorbed alpha-amanitin is excreted into the bile and is then returned to the liver via recirculation [29,38,73,84,85]. The antidotes benzylpenicillin, ceftazidime, Nacetyl-cysteine (NAC), rifamycin, and silibinin have been advocated by some [26,34,36,88,[110][111][112], and questioned by others [113,114]. Of these, silibinin and NAC show the most promise [32,34,111,115].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silibinin is the most active component of silymarin, found in Silybum marianum (milk thistle). It is a scavenger of free radicals, has anti-inflammatory effects, stimulates protein synthesis, and inhibits amatoxin uptake by hepatocytes [26,34]. If silibinin is available, its administration seems reasonable [19,31,85,97,111,115,116].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Mycetism: A Review of the Recent Literature

Graeme

2014

J. Med. Toxicol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Approximately 100 of the known species of mushrooms are poisonous to humans. New toxic mushroom species continue to be identified. Some species initially classified as edible are later reclassified as toxic. This results in a continually expanding list of toxic mushrooms. As new toxic species are identified, some classic teachings about mycetism no longer hold true. As more toxic mushrooms are identified and more toxic syndromes are reported, older classification systems fail to effectively accommodate mycetism. This review provides an update of myscetism and classifies mushroom poisonings by the primary organ system affected, permitting expansion, as new, toxic mushroom species are discovered.

show abstract

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Overview Of Initial General Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Initial General Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Mycetism: A Review of the Recent Literature

Graeme

2014

J. Med. Toxicol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Neuropsychiatric symptoms following the consumption of Lanmaoa asiatica, a poisonous mushroom native to Yunnan

Dai,

Duan,

Yang

et al. 2024

Hong Kong j. emerg. med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesTo describe and analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Lanmaoa asiatica poisoning cases.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of Lanmaoa asiatica poisoning cases admitted to the emergency department of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2023 to December 2023.ResultsA total of 81 patients were admitted, with ages ranging from 14 to 84 years and a median age of 42.5 ± 14.6, predominantly female (72.8%). The peak poisoning cases were observed in July (n = 55, 67.9%). The commonest clinical presentation was the mixed neuropsychiatric and gastroenteritic type (64.2%), while 24.7% of patients presented with neuropsychiatric symptoms only and 11.1% of patients presented with pure gastroenteritic symptoms. The most common first symptom was visual hallucination (n = 56, 69.1%), followed by gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea (n = 44, 54.3%) and vomiting (n = 36, 44.4%). Around 69.4% of patients had delayed onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms of 12–24 h after mushroom intake and 78.7% of patients had onset of gastroenteritic symptoms within 6 h after ingestion. Laboratory tests showed normal blood routine, liver function, kidney function, cardiac enzymes, and coagulation function. The median length of stay was 3 days, and no fatalities were reported.ConclusionsLanmaoa asiatica poisoning peaked in July. The commonest clinical presentation was the mixed neuropsychiatric and gastroenteritic type. The most common first symptom was visual hallucination. The incubation period for gastrointestinal symptoms was shorter than neuropsychiatric symptoms. Short hospitalization and absence of organ function damage was observed in Lanmaoa asiatica poisoning.

show abstract