Approaches for measuring the surface areas of metal oxide electrocatalysts for determining their intrinsic electrocatalytic activity

Wei, Chao; Sun, Shengnan; Mandler, Daniel; Wang, Xun; Qiao, Shi Zhang; Xu, Zhichuan J.

doi:10.1039/c8cs00848e

Cited by 604 publications

(449 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Moreover, LSV curves which current densities were normalized to ECSA of pure metal catalysts and mass activity were illustrated in Figures S53 and S54 of the Supporting Information. It further confirms the intrinsic activity of RhCu NTs is better than that of other samples (Figure S53, Supporting Information) . Finally, polarization curves have no significant changes after 3000 cycles test in wide pH value (Figures S55–S57, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Construction of Defect‐Rich RhCu Nanotubes with Highly Active Rh₃Cu₁ Alloy Phase for Overall Water Splitting in All pH Values

Cao

Cheng

2020

Advanced Energy Materials

122

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The combination of precious metals with non‐noble metals is an effective way to develop highly efficient, stable, and low cost electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. Herein, RhCu nanotubes (NTs) with rich structural defects are successfully synthesized by a mixed‐solvent strategy, which display superior activity and excellent stability for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction in all pH values. In particular, it only needs 8, 12, and 57 mV to deliver the current density of 10 mA cm−2 for HER in alkaline, acidic, and neutral conditions, respectively. Experiments combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the exposure of a suitable composition of a highly active Rh3Cu1 alloy phase through acid etching is the key to improve electrocatalytic performance, since it weakens the adsorption free energy of atomic oxygen and hydrogen, as well as facilitating the dissociation of water molecules. In addition, the structural defects can also boost the catalytic performance because the adsorption of reactants can be largely enhanced. The results provide a simple method to prepare alloy NTs as highly efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting in all pH values.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Construction of Defect‐Rich RhCu Nanotubes with Highly Active Rh₃Cu₁ Alloy Phase for Overall Water Splitting in All pH Values

Cao

Cheng

2020

Advanced Energy Materials

122

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“…That is to say, the evaluation of OER activity without consideration of involved population of active species is biased. Although researchers in related fields attempt to clarify this ambiguousness and to propose a benchmarking protocol to define the population of active sites and the activity of individual sites of electrocatalysts, a criterion to implement a fair comparison of electrocatalytic activity has not yet been proposed . Herein, a series of cobalt derivate‐based electrocatalysts for OER is taken as an example to probe the correlation within electrocatalytic behavior, electrocatalytic activity and population of active sites.…”

Section: Relevant Important Parameters For Oer Electrocatalysts In 1 mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…This result is predictable because the difference in surface area of the substrate creates difference in population of reactive sites. It had been pointed out that the evaluation of OER activity should take into account the surface areas of corresponding catalysts . Several methodologies have been proposed to estimate the surface areas, such as physical surface areas by Brunauer‐ Emmett‐Teller (BET) theory or electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) by cyclic voltammograms .…”

Section: Relevant Important Parameters For Oer Electrocatalysts In 1 mentioning

confidence: 84%

Comprehensively Probing the Contribution of Site Activity and Population of Active Sites toward Heterogeneous Electrocatalysis

et al. 2020

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Due to the enormous demand for clean energy generation and for efficient energy storage, developing green and storable energy has become an urgent task. This subject, thus, stimulates studies on the improvement of new electrocatalysts. Specifically, through improving the population of active sites and/or the activity of individual sites, the performance of the catalysts can be significantly improved. However, clarifying the contribution of these two factors is still ambiguous and must be done with great care. To allow researchers in related fields to present their findings objectively, having a clear insight into the electrocatalytic activity is indispensable. In this study, a series of cobalt‐based pre‐electrocatalysts are taken as an example to examine their corresponding oxygen evolution reaction (OER) behaviors. Wherein, the three important metrics – electrochemical active surface area (ECSA)/roughness factor (RF), Tafel slope, and turnover frequency (TOF) – are used to profile the population of active sites of electrocatalysts and the activity of related individual sites. The results indicate the correction of OER behavior by ECSA/RF manifests the more accurate identification of OER activity. Meanwhile, the timing to obtain RF/ECSA significantly influence such an evaluation. Altogether, a fair benchmarking is proposed for the comparison between the activities of electrocatalysts.

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“…We evaluated the specific activities calculated on the basis of BET surface area obtained by means of gas desorption for Ni‐V 2 O 3 and Ni nanopowders. The BET surface area is a reasonable representative of the electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) on the ink‐casted electrode for powders . As shown by nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms (Figure S14), the BET surface areas of Ni‐V 2 O 3 and Ni are 16.8250 m 2 g −1 and 8.0787 m 2 g −1 , respectively.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 85%

Boosting Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis over Metallic Nickel Sites through Synergistic Coupling with Vanadium Sesquioxide

et al. 2019

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For renewable and sustainable energy, developing cut‐price and high‐efficiency electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by alkaline water electrolysis is of paramount importance. In this study, a compound electrocatalyst composed of nickel–vanadium sesquioxide nanoparticles supported on porous nickel foam (Ni‐V2O3/NF) is found to exhibit electrocatalytic performance towards HER that is superior to that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst, with nearly zero onset overpotential, an extremely low overpotential of 25 mV to obtain a current density of −10 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 58 mV dec−1, and a good durability for 24 h in 1.0 m KOH. Theoretical calculations reveal that the presence of V2O3 optimizes the electronic structure of active Ni components and continuously accelerates the dissociation of water molecules, which in turn improves the HER kinetics. The present work will advance the development of highly efficient nanocomposite electrocatalysts for alkaline water electrocatalysis.

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Approaches for measuring the surface areas of metal oxide electrocatalysts for determining their intrinsic electrocatalytic activity

Abstract: A summary and analysis of approaches for measuring the surface areas of metal oxide electrocatalysts for evaluating their intrinsic electrocatalytic activity.

Cited by 604 publications

References 50 publications

Construction of Defect‐Rich RhCu Nanotubes with Highly Active Rh₃Cu₁ Alloy Phase for Overall Water Splitting in All pH Values

Construction of Defect‐Rich RhCu Nanotubes with Highly Active Rh₃Cu₁ Alloy Phase for Overall Water Splitting in All pH Values

Comprehensively Probing the Contribution of Site Activity and Population of Active Sites toward Heterogeneous Electrocatalysis

Boosting Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis over Metallic Nickel Sites through Synergistic Coupling with Vanadium Sesquioxide

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Approaches for measuring the surface areas of metal oxide electrocatalysts for determining their intrinsic electrocatalytic activity

Abstract: A summary and analysis of approaches for measuring the surface areas of metal oxide electrocatalysts for evaluating their intrinsic electrocatalytic activity.

Cited by 604 publications

References 50 publications

Construction of Defect‐Rich RhCu Nanotubes with Highly Active Rh3Cu1 Alloy Phase for Overall Water Splitting in All pH Values

Construction of Defect‐Rich RhCu Nanotubes with Highly Active Rh3Cu1 Alloy Phase for Overall Water Splitting in All pH Values

Comprehensively Probing the Contribution of Site Activity and Population of Active Sites toward Heterogeneous Electrocatalysis

Boosting Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis over Metallic Nickel Sites through Synergistic Coupling with Vanadium Sesquioxide

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Product

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Construction of Defect‐Rich RhCu Nanotubes with Highly Active Rh₃Cu₁ Alloy Phase for Overall Water Splitting in All pH Values

Construction of Defect‐Rich RhCu Nanotubes with Highly Active Rh₃Cu₁ Alloy Phase for Overall Water Splitting in All pH Values