Approaches on Ferrofluid Synthesis and Applications: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Oehlsen, Oscar; Cervantes-Ramírez, Sussy I.; Cervantes-Avilés, Pabel; Medina-Velo, Illya A.

doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c05631

Cited by 77 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Iron salts coprecipitation in alkaline media is generally considered the most efficient way to produce nanoparticles readily dispersible in water, mainly due to its ease of implementation and large volume capacity [ 24 ]. Control over particle size distributions and magnetic properties is obtained by performing the reaction in the presence of capping agents such as polymers (dextran, polyacrylic acid, diethylene glycol) and by adjusting experimental conditions (stoichiometry, pH, ionic strength, temperature, etc.)…”

Section: Fundamental Characteristics Of Magnetic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPION): From Fundamentals to State-of-the-Art Innovative Applications for Cancer Therapy

et al. 2023

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Despite significant advances in cancer therapy over the years, its complex pathological process still represents a major health challenge when seeking effective treatment and improved healthcare. With the advent of nanotechnologies, nanomedicine-based cancer therapy has been widely explored as a promising technology able to handle the requirements of the clinical sector. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have been at the forefront of nanotechnology development since the mid-1990s, thanks to their former role as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Though their use as MRI probes has been discontinued due to an unfavorable cost/benefit ratio, several innovative applications as therapeutic tools have prompted a renewal of interest. The unique characteristics of SPION, i.e., their magnetic properties enabling specific response when submitted to high frequency (magnetic hyperthermia) or low frequency (magneto-mechanical therapy) alternating magnetic field, and their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (either intrinsically or when activated using various stimuli), make them particularly adapted for cancer therapy. This review provides a comprehensive description of the fundamental aspects of SPION formulation and highlights various recent approaches regarding in vivo applications in the field of cancer therapy.

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Section: Fundamental Characteristics Of Magnetic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPION): From Fundamentals to State-of-the-Art Innovative Applications for Cancer Therapy

et al. 2023

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“…The ability for nanoparticle solutions to take on magnetic properties through stable suspension of ferromagnetic particlescalled ferrofluidshas led to diverse advancements in fields ranging from mechanical engineering, , to molecular studies, − to medicine. − Ferrofluids are colloidal suspensions of iron oxide/iron alloy nanoparticles that exhibit strong magnetic susceptibility when suspended in their appropriate solvent . Since the properties of ferrofluids are imparted by the magnetic properties of the particles suspended en masse, it is important to choose optimal characteristics of the composition of the magnetic core and carrier fluid of the suspension to maximize the magnetic capabilities of the ferrofluid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7−9 Ferrofluids are colloidal suspensions of iron oxide/iron alloy nanoparticles that exhibit strong magnetic susceptibility when suspended in their appropriate solvent. 10 Since the properties of ferrofluids are imparted by the magnetic properties of the particles suspended en masse, it is important to choose optimal characteristics of the composition of the magnetic core and carrier fluid of the suspension to maximize the magnetic capabilities of the ferrofluid.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetoplasmonic Air-Stable Au@FeCo

et al. 2023

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The synthesis of FeCo alloys as highly magnetic nanoparticles has been valuable, as far as applications for magnetic nanoparticles are concerned. However, recently, a field of magnetoplasmonics in which magnetic nanoparticles such as the FeCo alloys doped with plasmonic materials such as Au and Ag to create a hybrid nanostructure with both properties has emerged. These magnetoplasmonic metamaterials have greatly enhanced the limit of detection of analytes in spectroscopic methods, as well as providing a more widely applicable nanoparticle to broaden the use of FeCo alloys even further. Herein, we discuss the synthesis of high-yield and fairly monodisperse spherical FeCo and Au-doped FeCo (Au@FeCo) with varying compositions of Au synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO) 5 ) and dicobalt octacarbonyl (Co 2 (CO) 8 ), followed by the addition of Au atoms using triphenylphosphine gold(I) chloride ((Ph 3 P)AuCl) via both coprecipitation and by delayed addition methods. The products were separated using a hand-held magnet, and then characterized via ultraviolet−visible light (UV-vis), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS), and magnetization measurements. Optical studies revealed a plasmonic peak at 550 nm in the Au@FeCo nanoparticles that had a gold content (%Au) of >2% (by weight), determined using F-AAS. Colocation of the Fe, Co, and Au were demonstrated through EDX analysis. Location of the Au atoms in the core were seen through high-resolution bright-field imaging. To understand the use of these nanoparticles for potential application in therapeutics and/or electronics, resistance measurements were performed to assess power loss as a function of frequency. We also achieved magnetization values as high as 150 emu/g and as low as 50 emu/g for gold-loaded samples based on % Au by weight. This paves the way to continue to develop magneto-plasmonic structures chemically using these synthesis strategies.

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“…Fluidity denotes the advanced ability of soft robots to further adapt to external environments. Under the same stimuli for elastomer deformations, taking the magnetic actuation as an example, soft robots in the uid state perform division, merging, growth, and directional ow motion, respectively 10 . Rapidly reversible metamorphosing ability represents the switch between elastomer and uid deformations, deconstruction of established structures (elastomer to uid), and reconstruction ( uid to elastomer).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Elastomer-Fluid Transitions for Metamorphosic Robots

Yang

Yuan

Ren

2023

Preprint

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Endowing robots with reversible phase transition ability, especially between elastomer and fluid states, can significantly broaden their functionality and applicability. Limited attempts have been made to realize the reversible elastomer-fluid transition. Existing phase transition materials in robotics have over-hard (~4 GPa) or over-soft (~4 kPa) stiffness in the solid states, which should be further investigated to perform more compliant motions. Advanced reversible phase transitions for metamorphosic robots demand sufficient elasticity in the elastomer state, rapidity and reversibility of the transition state, and controllable fluidity in the fluid state. To address these challenges, we present a reversible elastomer-fluid transition mechanism for metamorphosic robots enabled by magnetically induced hot melt materials (MIMMs). The transition principle is explained by material analysis, and material characterizations are conducted to understand the reversible elastomer-fluid transition. MIMMs-based metamorphosic robots endow self-metamorphosing abilities, such as self-healing, spatial self-growing, self-division/assembly, and additive manufacturability. When interacting with external environments, MIMMs-based robots can perform further multifunctional abilities, such as collaborations for structure repairs, swimming by symbiosis with external objects, flowing through a narrow terrain by transiting to fluid, and working with elastomeric structures for stiffness-variable fluid soft actuators. Biomedical applications were demonstrated to present the multi-functionality of MIMMs-based robots. The proposed elastomer-fluid transitions may open a new path for robots to generate more flexible and metamorphosic motions, thereby addressing the cross-phase transformation challenges that soft robots face.

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Approaches on Ferrofluid Synthesis and Applications: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Cited by 77 publications

References 165 publications

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPION): From Fundamentals to State-of-the-Art Innovative Applications for Cancer Therapy

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPION): From Fundamentals to State-of-the-Art Innovative Applications for Cancer Therapy

Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetoplasmonic Air-Stable Au@FeCo

Reversible Elastomer-Fluid Transitions for Metamorphosic Robots

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