Approaches to vital pulp therapies

Abstract

Tooth decay, which leads to pulpal inflammation due to the pulp’s response to bacterial components and byproducts is the most common infectious disease. The main goals of clinical management are to eliminate sources of infection, to facilitate healing by regulating inflammation indental tissue, and to replace lost tissues. A variety of novel approaches from tissue engineering based on stem cells, bioactive molecules, and extracellular matrix‐like scaffold structures to therapeutic applications, or a combination of all these are present in the literature. Shortcomings of existing conventional materials for pulp capping and the novel approches aiming to preserve pulp vitality highligted the need for developing new targeted dental materials. This review looks at the novel approches for vital pulp treatments after briefly addresing the conventional vital pulp treatment as well as the regenerative and self defense capabilities of the pulp. A narrative review focusing on the current and future approaches for pulp preservation was performed after surveying the relevant papers on vital pulp therapies including pulp capping, pulpotomy, and potential approaches for facilitating dentin‐pulp complex regeneration in PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases.

Proanthocyanidin/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex in Electrospun Polylactic Acid Nanofibers: Preparation, Characterization, and Effects on Dental Pulp Stem Cells

“…Using an ideal pulp-covering material to shield the healthy tissue under the infection site is essential for healing and the long-term prognosis of the pulp. Although conventional capping materials are used for covering the pulp, tissue-engineering-based approaches and many compounds or target molecules are searched for potential therapeutic effects . Dental pulp tissue provides a unique source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and offers advantages as dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can be easily isolated, particularly from extracted third molar and premolar teeth obtained for orthodontic reasons. , Their multilineage differentiation capacities (e.g., dentinogenic, osteogenic, and neurogenic), expression of specific cell surface markers, self-renewal, and clonogenic and proliferative characteristics, as well as their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory capacities through the secretion of soluble factors, make them promising candidates for stem-cell-based therapies. , Polymeric scaffolds in tissue-engineering-based approaches aim to provide an artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) for supporting cell proliferation and presenting a suitable mechanical property to tissue defect .…”