Approximate stopping power law of electrons and positrons

Batra, R.K.; Sehgal, M.L.

doi:10.1016/0029-554x(73)90575-2

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In general, a good agreement is shown between our models and ICRU37 calculation, as well as the Penelope models at low energy. Regarding average stopping powers, above 10 keV, the implemented physics models have good agreement with ICRU37 calculations, experimental data 46 and existing Geant4 models. Below this value, the stopping power of the implemented models agrees well with the theoretical model of Shinotsuka.…”

Section: Validation Of the New Modelssupporting

confidence: 55%

An implementation of discrete electron transport models for gold in the Geant4 simulation toolkit

Sakata

Incerti

Bordage

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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Gold nanoparticle (GNP) boosted radiation therapy can enhance the biological effectiveness of radiation treatments by increasing the quantity of direct and indirect radiation-induced cellular damage. As the physical effects of GNP boosted radiotherapy occur across energy scales that descend down to 10 eV, Monte Carlo simulations require discrete physics models down to these very low energies in order to avoid underestimating the absorbed dose and secondary particle generation. Discrete physics models for electron transportation down to 10 eV have been implemented within the Geant4-DNA low energy extension of Geant4. Such models allow the investigation of GNP effects at the nanoscale. At low energies, the new models have better agreement with experimental data on the backscattering coefficient, and they show similar performance for transmission coefficient data as the Livermore and Penelope models already implemented in Geant4. These new models are applicable in simulations focussed towards estimating the relative biological effectiveness of radiation in GNP boosted radiotherapy applications with photon and electron radiation sources. Gold nanoparticle (GNP) boosted radiation therapy can enhance the biological effectiveness of radiation treatments by increasing the quantity of direct and indirect radiation-induced cellular damage. As the physical effects of GNP boosted radiotherapy occur across energy scales that descend down to 10 eV, Monte Carlo simulations require discrete physics models down to these very low energies in order to avoid underestimating the absorbed dose and secondary particle generation. Discrete physics models for electron transportation down to 10 eV have been implemented within the Geant4-DNA low energy extension of Geant4. Such models allow the investigation of GNP effects at the nanoscale. At low energies, the new models have better agreement with experimental data on the backscattering coefficient, and they show similar performance for transmission coefficient data as the Livermore and Penelope models already implemented in Geant4. These new models are applicable in simulations focussed towards estimating the relative biological effectiveness of radiation in GNP boosted radiotherapy applications with photon and electron radiation sources. Published by AIP Publishing. [http://dx

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Section: Validation Of the New Modelssupporting

confidence: 55%

An implementation of discrete electron transport models for gold in the Geant4 simulation toolkit

Sakata

Incerti

Bordage

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…According to Batra and Sehgal [Batra, 1973;1970;1972] the total stopping power of electron and positron may be represented by product of two functions. These functions must depend on the kinetic energy (T) of electron or positrons and the atomic number (Z) of the material.…”

Section: Theoretical Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pal et al [1986] developed a similar formula on the lines of Batra and Sehgal [Batra, 1973;1970;1972] but with different set of constants,…”

Section: Theoretical Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estimation of the stopping power for electrons and positrons in matter from these analytical expressions is tedious and involves use of mean excitation and ionization energies. A considerable amount of empirical work has been done during the last few years [Batra, 1973;Batra, 1970;Gupta, 1982;Unak, 1995], on total stopping power of materials. Nuclear physics theorists can predict total stopping power, csda ranges and related properties very accurately.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These improvements depend heavily on new developments in empirical techniques, and to a greater extent on the insights gained through close collaborations between theorists and experimentalists doing research on physical properties of solids. Empirical concepts such as valence electron, ionic charge, atomic number, electro negativity and energy are then useful [Batra, 1973;Batra, 1970;Gupta, 1982;Unak, 1995;Akar, 2005;Gumus, 2005;Oller, 2006;Tanuma, 2008;Pauling, 1960;Verma, 2009;Verma, 2008]. These concepts are directly associated with the character of the chemical bond and thus provide means for explaining and classifying many basic properties of molecules and solids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Stopping Power of Electrons and Positrons for C, Al, Cu, Ag, Au, Pb, Fe, U, Ge, Si and Mo

Saxena¹,

Hemlata²,

Priyanka³

et al. 2010

APR

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In this paper we present an empirical relation for total stopping power keV in terms of total energy (kinetic
energy + rest mass energy) for electrons and positrons from 20 keV to 50000 and have been fitted by a two
parameter approximation. These parameters depend upon the atomic number (Z) of the absorber and are
applicable in absorbers of atomic number from Z=1 to 92. A fairly good agreement has been found between our
simplified values for total stopping power of electrons and positrons for Carbon, Aluminum, Copper, Silver,
Gold, Lead, Iron, Uranium, Germanium, Silicon and Molybdenum and that of Berger and Seltzer calculated
values

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Geant4‐DNA track‐structure simulations for gold nanoparticles: The importance of electron discrete models in nanometer volumes

et al. 2018

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Improved physics models for gold are necessary to better model the impact of GNPs in radiotherapy via Monte Carlo simulations. We implemented discrete electron transport models for gold in Geant4 that is applicable down to 10 eV including the modeling of the full de-excitation cascade. It is demonstrated that the new model has a significant positive impact on particle transport simulations in gold volumes with submicron dimensions compared to the existing Livermore and Penelope condensed-history models of Geant4.

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Approximate stopping power law of electrons and positrons

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

An implementation of discrete electron transport models for gold in the Geant4 simulation toolkit

An implementation of discrete electron transport models for gold in the Geant4 simulation toolkit

Stopping Power of Electrons and Positrons for C, Al, Cu, Ag, Au, Pb, Fe, U, Ge, Si and Mo

Geant4‐DNA track‐structure simulations for gold nanoparticles: The importance of electron discrete models in nanometer volumes

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