“…Since SMR planners are based on a precomputed DP lookup table, the instantaneous closed-loop control of needle tip motion is possible only for static environments. AlthoughSovizi et al, in[68], relaxed the computational cost of Markov-Chain approach by simplifying theDP problem to LP formulation for intraoperative feedback control of flexible needles, their work is neither capable of addressing the obstacle and target motion nor multiple targets. The above-mentioned control strategies require a limited number of model parameters in each of them.…”