Aptamer-Based Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Interferometric Biosensor for Real-Time Thrombin Detection

Abstract

Aptamer biosensors are one of the most powerful techniques in biosensing. Achieving the best platform to use in aptamer biosensors typically includes crucial chemical modifications that enable aptamer immobilization on the surface in the most efficient manner. These chemical modifications must be well defined. In this work we propose nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) chemically modified with streptavidin as a platform for aptamer immobilization. The immobilization of biotinylated thrombin binding aptamer (TBA) was monitored in real time by means of reflective interferometric spectroscopy (RIfS). The study has permitted to characterize in real time the path to immobilize TBA on the inner pore walls of NAA. Furthermore, this study provides an accurate label-free method to detect thrombin in real-time with high affinity and specificity.

Advances in Optical Biosensors and Sensors Using Nanoporous Anodic Alumina

“…The generated −OH group can interact with the silane coupling agents, such as 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APTS) [ 118 ] 3-mercaptopropyl-tirethoxysilane (3-MPTES) [ 119 ], 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane [ 120 ], and 3-isocyanatopropyl triethoxy (3-ISCN) [ 121 ], inducing the functional group on the pores of the NAA. Then, the silanized NAA can interact with various biomolecules such as antibodies [ 60 ], amino-terminal aptamers [ 122 , 123 ], enzymes [ 105 ], and peptides [ 124 , 125 ].…”

“…In another work, an interferometric reflectance spectroscopy (IRS)-based aptasensor for the determination of thrombin (TB) [ 123 ] has been reported by Pol et al For that purpose, NAA was silinzed with 3-APTS. The amino-functionalized NAA then interacted with the sulfo-NHS-biotin.…”

Optical Platform to Analyze a Model Drug-Loading and Releasing Profile Based on Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Gradient Index Filters

“…This process is cost-effective, and multiple batches of aluminium can easily be produced at the lab scale without the need of any heavy pieces of equipment. NAA also provides excellent chemical and physical stability, provides stable optical signals, mechanical robustness, and a wide variety of chemistries that make it one of the widely used templates to be researched [ 15 , 16 ]. Several studies have been conducted in the past to engineer different NAA-PCs structures by modified pulse-like anodization strategies such as pseudo stepwise [ 17 ], sinusoidal [ 18 , 19 ], Gaussian [ 20 ], saw-tooth [ 21 ], and stepwise [ 22 ].…”

Nanoporous anodic alumina with ohmic contact between substrate and infill: Application to perovskite solar cells

“…Indeed, the ability to fabricate layers or laminas with pores having a wide range of thicknesses, diameters, and interpore distances allows them to easily adapt to new applications 6‐9 . To date, NAA has been applied to an extremely vast field of research, such as optical sensors, 10‐13 biosensors, 12‐16 cell culture, 17 drug delivery, 18‐20 crystallization enclosures, 21 energy storage, and energy generation 22‐28 devices among others. However, NAA still suffers from the presence of an insulating barrier layer oxide at the bottom of the pores, which does not allow for the establishment of an ohmic contact between the material infiltrated in the pores and the substrate.…”