apterous, a gene required for imaginal disc development in Drosophila encodes a member of the LIM family of developmental regulatory proteins.

Cohen, B. A.; McGuffin, M. Elaine; Pfeifle, Christine; Segal, Daniel; Cohen, Stephen M.

doi:10.1101/gad.6.5.715

Cited by 357 publications

(250 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The acronym, LIM, is derived from the names of three homeodomain proteins, Lin-11, Isl-1, and Mec-3, that exhibit this sequence feature. The LIM motif has been identified in a number of proteins, many of which appear to have important developmental functions (Freyd et al, 1990;Cohen et al, 1992;Karlsson et ai., 1990;Taira et al, 1992;Greenberg et al, 1990). The known LIM domain proteins are illustrated schematically in Fig.…”

Section: Predicted Amino Acid Sequence Of Zyxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LIM domains have now been identified in a number of proteins that appear to be involved in control of gene expression and differentiation. For example, the LIM motif is found in five homeodomain proteins: Caenorhabditis elegans Lin-ll and Mec-3 (Freyd et al, 1990;Way and Chalfie, 1988), rat Isl-1 (Karlsson et al, 1990), Xenopus Xlim-1 (Taira et al, 1992) and Drosophila apterous (Cohen et al, 1992). The LIM-bomeodomaln proteins are presumed to function as transcription factors and most have clearly been shown to he required for cell lineage determination and/or pattern formation during embryogenesis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zyxin and cCRP: two interactive LIM domain proteins associated with the cytoskeleton.

Sadler

Crawford

Michelsen

et al. 1992

The Journal of Cell Biology

335

247

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Abstract. Interaction with extraceUular matrix can trigger a variety of responses by cells including changes in specific gene expression and cell differentiation. The mechanism by which cell surface events are coupled to the transcriptional machinery is not understood, however, proteins localized at sites of cell-substratum contact are likely to function as signal transducers. We have recently purified and characterized a low abundance adhesion plaque protein called zyxin (Crawford, A. W., and M. C. Beckerle. 1991. J. Biol. Chem. 266:5847-5853; Crawford, A. W., J. W. Michelsen, and M. C. Beckerle. 1992. J. Cell Biol. 116:1381-1393. We have now isolated and sequenced zyxin cDNA and we report here that zyxin exhibits an unusual proline-rich NH2-terminus followed by three tandemly arrayed LIM domains. LIM domains have previously been identified in proteins that play important roles in transcriptional regulation and cellular differentiation. LIM domains have been proposed to coordinate metal ions and we have demonstrated by atomic absorption spectroscopy that purified zyxin binds zinc, a result consistent with the idea that zyxin has zinc fingers. In addition, we have discovered that zyxin interacts in vitro with a 23-kD protein that also exhibits LIM domains. Microsequence analysis has revealed that the 23-kD protein (or cCRP) is the chicken homologue of the human cysteine-rich protein (hCRP). By double-label indirect immunofluorescence, we found that zyxin and cCRP are extensively colocalized in chicken embryo fibroblasts, consistent with the idea that they interact in vivo. We conclude that LIM domains are zinc-binding sequences that may be involved in protein-protein interactions. The demonstration that two cytoskeletal proteins, zyxin and cCRP, share a sequence motif with proteins important for transcriptional regulation raises the possibility that zyxin and cCRP are components of a signal transduction pathway that mediates adhesion-stimulated changes in gene expression.

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Section: Predicted Amino Acid Sequence Of Zyxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zyxin and cCRP: two interactive LIM domain proteins associated with the cytoskeleton.

Sadler

Crawford

Michelsen

et al. 1992

The Journal of Cell Biology

335

247

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“…Anti-Hpoe monoclonal antibody recognizes an oral ectoderm-specific antigen Hpoe that is expressed at the pluteus stage (Yoshikawa 1997), anti-HpArs rabbit polyclonal antibody cross-reacts with HpArs (an aboral ectoderm-specific protein; Mitsunaga-Nakatsubo et al 1998a), and the mouse monoclonal antibody PMCA4 recognizes a PMC-specific antigen (a gift from Dr Kitajima of Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan). To localize Hpoe antigen, embryos that were blocked at (Barnes et al 1994;Fujii et al 1994), Xenopus Xlim-1 (Taira et al 1992), zebrafish Lim1 (Toyama et al 1995), ascidian Hrlim (Wada et al 1995), Drosophila apterous (Cohen et al 1992), Caenorhabditis elegans lin-11 (Freyd et al 1990) and mec-3 (Way & Chalfie 1988) and rat Isl-1 (Karlsson et al 1990)…”

Section: Injection Of Hplim1 Mrna and Immunohistochemical Detection Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A feature commonly shared by these genes is the presence of two LIM domains linked to a DNA-binding homeodomain. LIM homeodomain (LHX) proteins were reported from various animals, such as syrian hamster (Lmx1, German et al 1992), mouse (Lim1, Barnes et al 1994;Fujii et al 1994), Xenopus (Xlim-1, Taira et al 1992;Xlim-3, Taira et al 1993), zebrafish (Lim1, Toyama et al 1995), and Drosophila (apterous, Cohen et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lim1 related homeobox gene (HpLim1) expressed in sea urchin embryos

et al. 1999

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A cDNA clone for the LIM class homeobox gene (HpLim1) of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, was isolated. HpLim1 contains two LIM domains and a LIM-class homeodomain, and amino acid sequences of these three domains are highly homologous to corresponding domains of Lim1 of other animals. Accumulation of HpLim1 transcripts begins at hatching, and declines after the mesenchyme blastula stage. HpLim1 mRNA was localized in the vegetal plates of hatched blastulae, but it was not detectable in primary mesenchyme cells (PMC) ingressed into the blastocele. HpLim1 mRNA-injected embryos became spherical with markedly reduced gut formation, failed to express marker proteins for aboral ectoderm and mesoderm, and mainly expressed an oral ectoderm marker. These results imply that while short-term expression of HpLim1 in the vegetal plate is needed for differentiation of aboral ectoderm, endoderm and PMC, ectopic expression of HpLim1 suppresses normal differentiation directing all embryonic cells to differentiate into oral ectoderm.

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“…These indirectly activate decapentaplegic between the two compartments, establishing a gradient moving out from a central stripe in the wing [16]. Similarly, dorsal and ventral wing surfaces are defined by expression of apterous and vestigial, respectively, in the second instar [17,18]. This is just part of a complex network of interacting genes that establishes spatial information.…”

Section: Early Wing Development In the Flymentioning

confidence: 99%

Waiting in the wings: what can we learn about gene co-option from the diversification of butterfly wing patterns?

Jiggins¹,

Wallbank²,

Hanly³

2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 17 to a theme issue 'Evo-devo in the genomics era, and the origins of morphological diversity'. A major challenge is to understand how conserved gene regulatory networks control the wonderful diversity of form that we see among animals and plants. Butterfly wing patterns are an excellent example of this diversity. Butterfly wings form as imaginal discs in the caterpillar and are constructed by a gene regulatory network, much of which is conserved across the holometabolous insects. Recent work in Heliconius butterflies takes advantage of genomic approaches and offers insights into how the diversification of wing patterns is overlaid onto this conserved network. WntA is a patterning morphogen that alters spatial information in the wing. Optix is a transcription factor that acts later in development to paint specific wing regions red. Both of these loci fit the paradigm of conserved protein-coding loci with diverse regulatory elements and developmental roles that have taken on novel derived functions in patterning wings. These discoveries offer insights into the 'Nymphalid Ground Plan', which offers a unifying hypothesis for pattern formation across nymphalid butterflies. These loci also represent 'hotspots' for morphological change that have been targeted repeatedly during evolution. Both convergent and divergent evolution of a great diversity of patterns is controlled by complex alleles at just a few genes. We suggest that evolutionary change has become focused on one or a few genetic loci for two reasons. First, pre-existing complex cis-regulatory loci that already interact with potentially relevant transcription factors are more likely to acquire novel functions in wing patterning. Second, the shape of wing regulatory networks may constrain evolutionary change to one or a few loci. Overall, genomic approaches that have identified wing patterning loci in these butterflies offer broad insight into how gene regulatory networks evolve to produce diversity.This article is part of the themed issue 'Evo-devo in the genomics era, and the origins of morphological diversity'.

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apterous, a gene required for imaginal disc development in Drosophila encodes a member of the LIM family of developmental regulatory proteins.

Cited by 357 publications

References 52 publications

Zyxin and cCRP: two interactive LIM domain proteins associated with the cytoskeleton.

Zyxin and cCRP: two interactive LIM domain proteins associated with the cytoskeleton.

Lim1 related homeobox gene (HpLim1) expressed in sea urchin embryos

Waiting in the wings: what can we learn about gene co-option from the diversification of butterfly wing patterns?

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