Aquaculture Drugs: Sources, Active Ingredients, Pharmaceutic Preparations and Methods of Administration

Kumar, Vikash; Roy, Suvra

doi:10.4172/2155-9546.1000510

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fish, there have been several drug administration routes such as injection, oral, and bath [ 59 ]. Although the administration of drugs via injection is very effective, it is not practical due to the need for more time and labor such as catching, handling and injecting large number of fish, and therefore it is generally preferred in broodstock and ornamental fishes [ 59 , 60 ]. In this study, because the IM administration of carprofen exhibited good bioavailability and long t 1/2λz , the commercial formulation of carprofen administered to fish might be preferred for use in broodstock.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Carprofen in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Broodstock

et al. 2021

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The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of carprofen following intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and oral routes to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) broodstock at temperatures of 10 ± 1.5 °C. In this study, thirty-six healthy rainbow trout broodstock (body weight, 1.45 ± 0.30 kg) were used. The plasma concentrations of carprofen were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using non-compartmental analysis. Carprofen was measured up to 192 h for IV route and 240 h for IM, and oral routes in plasma. The elimination half-life (t1/2λz) was 30.66, 46.11, and 41.08 h for IV, IM and oral routes, respectively. Carprofen for the IV route showed the total clearance of 0.02 L/h/kg and volume of distribution at steady state of 0.60 L/kg. For IM and oral routes, the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) was 3.96 and 2.52 μg/mL with the time to reach Cmax of 2 and 4 h, respectively. The bioavailability was 121.89% for IM route and 78.66% for oral route. The favorable pharmacokinetic properties such as the good bioavailability and long t1/2λz for IM and oral route of carprofen suggest the possibility of its effective use for the treatment of various conditions in broodstock.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Carprofen in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Broodstock

et al. 2021

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“…Recently, Juárez-Moreno et al (2017) reported that prophylactic doses 50 ng/g Argovit R (AgNPs-based formulation) administered by intramuscular route in infected shrimp with WSSV evinced a rate survival of 80% without toxic effects after 96 h post infection, while Ochoa-Meza et al (2019) showed evidence that a single therapeutic dose 1.2 µg/g AgNPs can delay the onset of clinical signs and enhance the response of shrimp immune system without toxic effects in healthy shrimps. However, this results are not comparable with Juárez-Moreno et al (2017) and Ochoa-Meza et al (2019) in effectiveness, due to the different: (1) AgNP preparations used, (2) weights of the shrimp and, (3) routes of exposure; considering that intramuscular administration is impractical in aquaculture due to the enormous quantity of organisms that are need to be treated (Kumar & Roy, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Evaluation of a new Argovit as an antiviral agent included in feed to protect the shrimpLitopenaeus vannameiagainst White Spot Syndrome Virus infection

Romo-Quiñonez

Sánchez

Álvarez-Ruíz

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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In this study, four experimental assays were conducted to evaluate the use of a new silver nanoparticle formulation named Argovit-4, which was prepared with slight modifications to enhance its biological activity against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in shrimp culture. The goals of these assays were to (1) determine the protective effect of Argovit-4 against WSSV, (2) determine whether Argovit-4 supplemented in feed exhibits toxicity towards shrimp, (3) determine whether Argovit-4 as antiviral additive in feed can prevent or delay/reduce WSSV-induced shrimp mortality, and (4) determine whether Argovit-4 supplemented in feed alters the early stages of the shrimp immune response. In bioassay 1, several viral inocula calibrated at 7 SID50(shrimp infectious doses 50% endpoint) were exposed to 40, 100, 200 and 1,000 ng/SID50 of Ag+ and then intramuscularly injected into shrimp for 96 h. In bioassay 2, shrimp were fed Argovit-4 supplemented in feed at different concentrations (10, 100 and 1,000 µg per gram of feed) for 192 h. In bioassay 3, shrimp were treated with Argovit-4 supplemented in feed at different concentrations and then challenged against WSSV for 192 h. In bioassay 4, quantitative real-time RT-qPCR was performed to measure the transcriptional responses of five immune-relevant genes in haemocytes of experimental shrimp treated with Argovit-4 supplemented in feed at 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. The intramuscularly injected Argovit-4 showed a dose-dependent effect (p < 0.05) on the cumulative shrimp mortality from 0–96 h post-infection. In the second bioassay, shrimp fed Argovit-4 supplemented in feed did not show signs of toxicity for the assayed doses over the 192-h experiment. The third and fourth bioassays showed that shrimp challenged with WSSV at 1,000 µg/g feed exhibited reduced mortality without altering the expression of some immune system-related genes according to the observed level of transcriptional. This study is the first show that the new Argovit-4 formulation has potential as an antiviral additive in feed against WSSV and demonstrates a practical therapeutic strategy to control WSSV and possibly other invertebrate pathogens in shrimp aquaculture.

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“…These stressors cause immunosuppression and consequently promote proliferation of pathogens causing disease outbreaks and economic lost (Behringer, Wood, Krkošek, & Bushek, 2020). These infectious diseases are frequently treated with formalin, potassium permanganate, copper sulphate, mebendazole, levamisole and methylene blue (Kumar & Roy, 2017), but these products can affect the water quality, accumulate in environment, promote the parasite resistance and intoxicate the fish (Asif, Hai, Price, & Nghiem, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…infectious diseases are frequently treated with formalin, potassium permanganate, copper sulphate, mebendazole, levamisole and methylene blue (Kumar & Roy, 2017), but these products can affect the water quality, accumulate in environment, promote the parasite resistance and intoxicate the fish (Asif, Hai, Price, & Nghiem, 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Terminalia catappa improves growth performance and survival of the Amazon leaf fish ( Monocirrhus polyacanthus ) larvae submitted to handling stress

et al. 2020

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The leaf fish Monocirrhus polyacanthus is an Amazon ornamental fish with a peculiar characteristic of mimicry of dead leaf form. Its mouth protrusion, slow-moving and transparent fins facilitate the capture of preys. Those are appreciated characteristics in the ornamental market, but its commercialization is based mainly on capture of wild fish (Catarino & Zuanon, 2010). Therefore, protocols for the breeding of this species in captivity are important to minimize the impact over the wild population as well as to provide a health fish to the world market. The larviculture of many ornamental fish species is an obstacle for their commercial production. Mortalities higher than 80% were reported in the early stages of life of M. polyacanthus kept in captivity (Ramos, Abe, & Fujimoto, 2016). Leaf fish larviculture also shows high mortality rate during transition to industrial feed due to cannibalism (Luz, Salaro, Souto, Okano, & Lima, 2002) and stressful rearing practices (Pederzoli & Mola, 2016). These stressors cause immunosuppression and consequently promote proliferation of pathogens causing disease outbreaks and economic lost (Behringer, Wood, Krkošek, & Bushek, 2020). These

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Aquaculture Drugs: Sources, Active Ingredients, Pharmaceutic Preparations and Methods of Administration

Cited by 22 publications

References 51 publications

Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Carprofen in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Broodstock

Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Carprofen in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Broodstock

Evaluation of a new Argovit as an antiviral agent included in feed to protect the shrimpLitopenaeus vannameiagainst White Spot Syndrome Virus infection

Terminalia catappa improves growth performance and survival of the Amazon leaf fish ( Monocirrhus polyacanthus ) larvae submitted to handling stress

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