Aquatic animal colors and skin temperature: Biology's selection for reducing oceanic dolphin's skin friction drag

Hassanalian, Mostafa; Abdelmoula, Hichem; Mohammadi, Sina; Bakhtiyarov, Sayavur I.; Goerlich, J.; Javed, Umer

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.07.018

Cited by 43 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…After 3.7 billion years of natural selection and passive evolution of aquatic species, surviving aquatic organisms, such as dolphins, sharks, squids, and other biological animals, have challenged physical limits and have already possessed the characteristics of super adaptability, efficient use of energy, and low drag activities. Therefore, nature implies that the best answer is to improve or optimize underwater drag reduction materials . Fortunately, the application of bionics allows us to imitate the characteristics of organisms to optimize and strengthen materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigations of the Turbulent Boundary Layer for Biomimetic Protrusive Surfaces Inspired by Pufferfish Skin: Effects of Spinal Density and Diameter

et al. 2021

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Pufferfish is known for its extension of tiny spinecovered skin that appears to increase skin drag and may act as turbulisors, reducing overall drag while serving a protective function. Therefore, the present study addresses a neglected aspect of how spines affect the turbulent boundary layer (TBL) for drag reduction in the pufferfish skin. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was utilized to investigate the TBL structure on the biomimetic spine-covered protrusion samples inspired by the back skin of the pufferfish. The comparison samples of two sparse "ktype" arrangements (hexagon and staggered) for three types of rough element sizes with roughness heights k + = 5.5−6.5 (nearly hydraulically smooth) and smooth case in bulk Reynolds numbers (Re b = 37,129 and 44,554) were tested. The results of turbulence statistics of these samples indicate that both the sample (type hexagon) for large rough density (λ = 0.0215) with small roughness elements and the sample (type staggered) for small rough density (λ = 0.0148) with large roughness elements have a drag reduction rate of 5−11%. These two kinds of bionic surfaces have a similar morphology to that seen in the distribution of pufferfish spines and probably serve a similar hydrodynamic function. Vortex identification shows that the spines in the front section for large density with small rough elements stabilize the TBL and generate many small-scale vortices and the dense spines with large rough elements at the back section have the effect of separating the vortices. The retrograde vortex generated by them is beneficial to increasing the driving force of the pufferfish. In addition, these two rough surfaces may effectively delay the separation of the TBL. These results will provide a preliminary research foundation for the development of a more practical prototype of the bionic drag-reducing surfaces and strengthen the theoretical investigation concerning drag reduction exploration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigations of the Turbulent Boundary Layer for Biomimetic Protrusive Surfaces Inspired by Pufferfish Skin: Effects of Spinal Density and Diameter

et al. 2021

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“…The color pattern seems to have a potential mechanism for underwater creatures to resist water flow. 108 During the fight between underwater creatures and water flow, a more organized skin pattern has evolved, which vibrates slightly during swimming. 92 For the experimental setup, more abundant measurement techniques and visualization methods for later treatment of the flow field structure can be adopted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 111 The dolphin with characteristic black back and white belly and aquatic routes have been considered by Hassanalian. 108 For the effect of temperature on the surface resistance of the aquatic organisms, a flat plate with black and white color was used to simulate drag reduction on the dolphin surfaces. The results show that the temperature effect boundary layer is very effective for drag reduction and dolphins reduce the frictional drag of their skin by 7% ( Fig.…”

Section: Biological Prototypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thriving artificial underwater drag-reduction materials inspired from aquatic animals: progresses and challenges

et al. 2021

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“…Since nature has developed processes, objects, and materials to increase its efficiency, it has the best solutions when we seek to improve or optimize a system [41][42][43][44]. Nature and especially birds' nests and locations provide ideas for designing stations for drones in smart city applications.…”

Section: Drones' Nests and Charging Stationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum-Cost Drone–Nest Matching through the Kuhn–Munkres Algorithm in Smart Cities: Energy Management and Efficiency Enhancement

Mirzaeinia

Hassanalian

2019

Aerospace

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The development of new concepts for smart cities and the application of drones in this area requires different architecture for the drones’ stations (nests) and their placement. Drones’ stations are designed to protect drones from hazards and utilize charging mechanisms such as solar cells to recharge them. Increasing the number of drones in smart cities makes it harder to find the optimum station for each drone to go to after performing its mission. In classic ordered technique, each drone returns to its preassigned station, which is shown to be not very efficient. Greedy and Kuhn‒Munkres (Hungarian) algorithms are used to match the drone to the best nesting station. Three different scenarios are investigated in this study; (1) drones with the same level of energy, (2) drones with different levels of energy, and (3) drones and stations with different levels of energy. The results show that an energy consumption reduction of 25‒80% can be achieved by applying the Kuhn‒Munkres and greedy algorithms in drone‒nest matching compared to preassigned stations. A graphical user interface is also designed to demonstrate drone‒station matching through the Kuhn‒Munkres and greedy algorithms.

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Aquatic animal colors and skin temperature: Biology's selection for reducing oceanic dolphin's skin friction drag

Cited by 43 publications

References 32 publications

Experimental Investigations of the Turbulent Boundary Layer for Biomimetic Protrusive Surfaces Inspired by Pufferfish Skin: Effects of Spinal Density and Diameter

Experimental Investigations of the Turbulent Boundary Layer for Biomimetic Protrusive Surfaces Inspired by Pufferfish Skin: Effects of Spinal Density and Diameter

Thriving artificial underwater drag-reduction materials inspired from aquatic animals: progresses and challenges

Minimum-Cost Drone–Nest Matching through the Kuhn–Munkres Algorithm in Smart Cities: Energy Management and Efficiency Enhancement

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