Aquatic hyphomycetes as endophytes of riparian plant roots

Sati, S. C.; Belwal, M.

doi:10.3852/mycologia.97.1.45

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…ing evidence that these fungi are endophytes in many terrestrial plants (e.g., Russell and Bulman 2005;Sati and Belwal 2005). This unexpected ecology awaits further investigation.…”

Section: Plant Individualmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cephalanthera longifolia (Neottieae, Orchidaceae) is mixotrophic: a comparative study between green and nonphotosynthetic individuals

et al. 2006

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We investigated an Estonian population of the orchid Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch. (Neottieae tribe), which harbours green and achlorophyllous individuals (= albinos), to understand albino survival and compare mycorrhizal associates, development, and nutrition of the two phenotypes. Albinos never changed phenotype over 14 years and had development similar to green individuals; their chlorophyll content was reduced by 99.4%, making them heterotrophic. Molecular typing by polymerase chain reaction amplification of fungal intergenic transcribed spacer and microscopic analyses showed that Thelephoraceae (Basidiomycetes, usually forming ectomycorrhizae with trees) were mycorrhizal on both phenotypes. Molecular typing also demonstrated that additional fungi were present on roots, including many endophytes (such as Helotiales) and various ectomycorrhizal taxa, whose role and pattern of colonization remained unclear. Mycorrhizal colonization was increased in albinos by about twofold, but no obvious difference in fungal partners compared with green individuals was demonstrated. Analysis of stable isotope composition (N and C) showed that albinos were dependent on their fungi for carbon (mycoheterotrophy), while green individuals recovered 33% of their carbon from fungi (mixotrophy). Surrounding trees, which formed ectomycorrhizae with at least one Thelephoraceae found in orchids, were likely the ultimate carbon source. These data are discussed in the framework of evolution of mycoheterotrophy in orchids, especially in Neottieae.

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“…ing evidence that these fungi are endophytes in many terrestrial plants (e.g., Russell and Bulman 2005;Sati and Belwal 2005). This unexpected ecology awaits further investigation.…”

Section: Plant Individualmentioning

confidence: 94%

Cephalanthera longifolia (Neottieae, Orchidaceae) is mixotrophic: a comparative study between green and nonphotosynthetic individuals

et al. 2006

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“…The occurrence of Ingoldian fungi in plant tissues is neither really surprising nor a newly reported finding. First, their presence has been shown in roots growing in water or on riversides: in all, more than 35 aquatic fungal species were recovered from submerged roots of 13 different plant species (Sati & Belwal, 2005; Bärlocher, 2006). Secondly, without added inoculum, Ingoldian fungi appear on leaves collected from trees and submersed in distilled water: this suggested to Bandoni, more than three decades ago, that some Ingoldian species occur as endophytes in aerial plant tissues (see Bandoni, 1972, and references therein).…”

Section: Aquatic Fungi In Terrestrial Plants!mentioning

confidence: 99%

Out of the rivers: are some aquatic hyphomycetes plant endophytes?

2008

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Pines would seem the most distinctive of trees, not least because of their signature needle-leaves. This homogeneity of form is paralleled by the sameness of their ecology: nearly all of the > 100 extant species of Pinus are light-demanding trees that act as long-lived pioneers on mesic sites, or as persistent components of the vegetation on harsher sites where there is little competition from other woody plants (Richardson, 1998). However, a new paper by Brodribb & Feild (this issue, showcases a remarkable departure from the familiar form and function of pines. Pinus krempfii Lecomte, a species with a restricted distribution in the montane tropical rainforests of southern Vietnam, is unique among extant pines in having flattened leaves instead of needles. Not only does P. krempfii look like a rainforest podocarp, it acts like one. Its seedlings are common under the rainforest canopy, and its photosynthetic physiology is typical of late-successional shade-tolerant trees. Brodribb & Feild show that this convergence of a pine on podocarp form and function is accompanied by the same vascular innovation found in broad-leaved Podocarpaceae: the development of large conductive sclereids that transport water away from the single leaf vein, through the mesophyll.Here I look briefly at the implications of these findings for questions about constraints on adaptive radiation in general, as well as for the biogeography of Pinus.

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“…Their common substrate is submerged decaying tree leaves and woody debris (Webster & Benfield, 1986), but they also enter healthy tissues as endophytes and act even as necrotrophic plant pathogens (Fisher & Petrini, 1989;Sati & Belwal, 2005;Bärlocher, 2006). One such group is aquatic hyphomycetes that are broadly defined as anamorphic fungi typically with relatively large branched (often stauroform) and scolecoform conidia occurring mainly in lotic waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surprising spectra of root-associated fungi in submerged aquatic plants

Kohout

Sýkorová

Čtvrtlíková

et al. 2012

FEMS Microbiol Ecol

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Similarly to plants from terrestrial ecosystems, aquatic species harbour wide spectra of root-associated fungi (RAF). However, comparably less is known about fungal diversity in submerged roots. We assessed the incidence and diversity of RAF in submerged aquatic plants using microscopy, culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques. We studied RAF of five submerged isoetid species collected in four oligotrophic freshwater lakes in Norway. Levels of dark septate endophytes (DSE) colonization differed among the lakes and were positively related to the organic matter content and negatively related to pH. In total, we identified 41 fungal OTUs using culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques, belonging to Mucoromycotina, Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota, Ascomycota as well as Basidiomycota. Sequences corresponding to aquatic hyphomycetes (e.g. Nectria lugdunensis, Tetracladium furcatum and Varicosporium elodeae) were obtained. Eight arbuscular mycorrhizal taxa belonging to the orders Archaeosporales, Diversisporales and Glomerales were also detected. However, the vast majority of the fungal species detected (e.g. Ceratobasidium sp., Cryptosporiopsis rhizophila, Leptodontidium orchidicola, and Tuber sp.) have previously been known only from roots of terrestrial plants. The abundance and phylogenetic distribution of mycorrhizal as well as nonmycorrhizal fungi in the roots of submerged plants have reshaped our views on the fungal diversity in aquatic environment.

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Aquatic hyphomycetes as endophytes of riparian plant roots

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

Cephalanthera longifolia (Neottieae, Orchidaceae) is mixotrophic: a comparative study between green and nonphotosynthetic individuals

Cephalanthera longifolia (Neottieae, Orchidaceae) is mixotrophic: a comparative study between green and nonphotosynthetic individuals

Out of the rivers: are some aquatic hyphomycetes plant endophytes?

Surprising spectra of root-associated fungi in submerged aquatic plants

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