Aquatic Toxicity Comparison of Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Nanowires

Abstract

To better understand the potential ecotoxicological impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nanowires (AgNWs) released into freshwater environments, the toxicities of these nanomaterials were assessed and compared using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) test guidelines, including a “Daphnia sp., acute immobilization test,” “Fish, acute toxicity test,” and “freshwater alga and cyanobacteria, growth inhibition test.” Based on the estimated median lethal/effective concentrations of AgNPs and AgNWs, the susceptibility to the nanomaterials was different among test organisms (daphnia > algae > fish), suggesting that the AgNPs are classified as “category acute 1” for Daphnia magna, “category acute 2” for Oryzias latipes, and “category acute 1” for Raphidocelis subcapitata, while the AgNWs are classified as “category acute 1” for Daphnia magna, “category acute 2” for Oryzias latipes, and “category acute 2” for Raphidocelis subcapitata, according to the GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals). In conclusion, the present results suggest that more attention should be paid to prevent the accidental or intentional release of silver nanomaterials into freshwater aquatic environments.

Effects of silver nanoparticles of different sizes on cytotoxicity and oxygen metabolism disorders in both reproductive and respiratory system cells

“…The cytotoxicity doses determined in our experiments are also similar to the toxic doses obtained on animal models recognized as appropriate for ecotoxicological assessment of nanomaterials, for example: fi sh (Oryzias latipes) (Sohn et al 2015), zebrafi sh (Danio rerio) embryos (Asharani et al 2009, Gao et al 2015, George et al 2012, various life stages of rainbow trout (Johari et al 2013), which indicates that such levels of exposure may pose a real risk to aquatic organisms.…”

“…It has been shown that AgNPs can cause adverse effects to both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in wastewater treatment plants (Choi and Hu 2008). Numerous studies also confi rm that Ag originating from the NPs is bioavailable to aquatic and terrestrial organisms (algae, fungi, crustacean, slugs, insects, nematodes, gastropoda, fi sh and plants) resulting in bioaccumulation and bio-magnifi cation in food chains (Luoma 2008, Senjen et al 2009, Marambio-Jones and Hoek 2010 and references therein, SCENHIR 2014, Sohn et al 2015).…”

Novel platinum–palladium bimetallic nanoparticles synthesized by Dioscorea bulbifera: anticancer and antioxidant activities

“…1 At the same time search for safe and environmentally benign route toward synthesis of nanoparticles useful to human health has got prime attention. Nanoparticles are synthesized using diverse approaches like chemical, physical, and biological methods.…”

Silver Nanowires: Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity and Biomedical Applications

“…Some studies have evaluated the toxicity of AgNWs in aquatic species finding that again toxicity is linked to the rate of release of Ag + form the nanomaterial with lower toxicity induced by AgNWs compared to AgNPs [75,76]. Ecotoxicity studies reported similar findings; in earthworms, longer AgNWs had a lower toxicity compared to shorter ones.…”