Aqueous aggregation and deposition kinetics of fresh and carboxyl-modified nanoplastics in the presence of divalent heavy metals

Anomalous scattering of polystyrene microparticles revealed by evanescent wave coupled cavity ringdown spectroscopy

“…where λ 0 is the incidence wavelength, n p and n s are the refractive index of the prism (1.515@638 nm) and water (1.330 for water), respectively (critical angle, θ c = 61.38°). The penetration depth of the EW for the present configuration (θ ∼ 72.84°) was d p ∼ 89 nm, calculated using eqn (8). The average baseline RDT of τ 0 = 201 ns for an empty cavity with water on the prism was attained with a standard error of 0.85% on averaging 80 ringdown events.…”

“…Several researchers demonstrated the aggregation kinetics of polystyrene microbeads in the presence of metal cations. [8][9][10] However, intrinsic aggregation possibilities cannot be ruled out for PSMs in an aqueous environment at the glass-water interfacial region.…”

A review on photochemical effects of common plastics and their related applications

“…They also found that heavy metals can combine with nanoplastics through specific actions such as inner coordination and cation ‐ π bond to form aggregates with different dimensions. The intrinsic properties of heavy metals, such as electronegativity and hydration radius, determined the agglomeration ability of nanoplastics and their deposition characteristics on the silicon surface 326 . Therefore, it is possible to develop some corresponding methods to deposit nanoplastics in the environment using this property of nanoplastics, which is of certain significance for the treatment of nanoplastic pollution and the recycling of some heavy metal ions.…”

Nanoscale Insights into the Interaction Mechanism Underlying the Adsorption and Retention of Heavy Metal Ions by Humic Acid

“…Recently, the interaction forces between HA-functionalized AFM probes and HA surfaces were quantified in aqueous environments containing NaCl or different types of divalent cations, which unraveled the complex aggregation mechanism of HA at the molecular level. , By quantitative investigation of the intermolecular interactions of HA–HM–HA systems, the binding mechanism of HA with different types of HMs could be deciphered at the nanoscale. Moreover, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) is a unique technique to monitor the mass change of adsorbed layer in situ and in real time, , which could provide quantitative information on the adsorption and retention of HMs on the HA surface. To the best of our knowledge, a quantitative study on the interaction mechanism of HA with HMs at the nanoscale has been rarely reported.…”