Aqueous Batteries for Human Body Electronic Devices

Abstract

In the pursuit of convenient and healthy lives, human body electronic devices with interactive, medical, and communication functions have been gradually developed, propelling research into high-safety aqueous batteries as energy hubs. Despite extensive research progress, the application of aqueous batteries in human body electronic devices is still at the proof-of-concept stage. In this Focus Review, we comprehensively summarize the design strategies and research advances in the rational coupling of electrochemical properties with mechanical properties, degradability, and biocompatibility for aqueous wearable and implantable degradable batteries. The challenges and perspectives for the further development of aqueous batteries for human body electronic devices are outlined to guide research toward next-generation aqueous batteries for practical applications in the human body.

Smart Aqueous Zinc Ion Battery: Operation Principles and Design Strategy

“…[184][185][186] With the development of the wearable electronic devices such as the smart electronic skin, the wearable electronic display clothing, or the flexible electronic equipment terminal, the corresponding self-adaption energy supply (battery system) is also derived. [187][188][189][190] The external changes including the temperature, force, or the light would determinates the electrochemical performance. The concrete embodiment of the battery's ability is to adapt to the environment.…”

Progress on Transition Metal Ions Dissolution Suppression Strategies in Prussian Blue Analogs for Aqueous Sodium-/Potassium-Ion Batteries

“…ASIBs and APIBs share with numerous other aqueous batteries two fundamental constraints: constrained energy density and limited cycle life. These limitations primarily originate from the inherent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water, which constrict the electrochemical stability window, thereby undermining the batteries' energy density [ 47 , 48 ]. As shown in Fig.…”

Sustainable stretchable batteries for next-generation wearables

“…Despite their high energy density and long life cycle, active materials based on transition metals rely on nite resources that are mostly non-biodegradable, 24,25 and the use of ammable and toxic organic solvent-based electrolytes poses safety risks for on-skin or implanted applications. [26][27][28] This places stricter requirements on the barrier properties of the encapsulation that necessitates thicker layers to ensure hermeticity. 29 The utilisation of non-biodegradable petroleumbased elastomers (silicone, styrene block copolymers, etc.)…”

“…Thus far, numerous comprehensive reviews have covered in detail the various strategies of achieving so and stretchable batteries. [14][15][16][17][18] There are also several focused reviews ranging from structural engineering to enable stretchability, 34,35 battery systems such as aqueous, 26,27,36 metal-air, 37 nanowire, 38 and microbattery, 39 and application centred topics for skininterfaced and implantable wearables. 21,22,29 Here, we will not delve into details of the various strategies as they have been previously covered in review articles.…”