Aqueous Carbon Monoxide Cycling in a Fjord-Like Estuary

Schmidt, Courtney; Heikes, Brian G.

doi:10.1007/s12237-013-9722-0

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The lower basin was chosen for this investigation because of its greater depth and intense density stratification. Its morphometry, hydrology, biology, and geochemistry have been well characterized through a variety of studies beginning in the 1970s. − A fjord-like estuarine circulation has caused its bottom waters and sediments to remain continuously anoxic for the past 1700 ± 300 years. , In the early 1990s this basin was the location of one of the first multidisciplinary investigations of the biogeochemical cycling of Hg speciation (including methyl- and dimethyl Hg) in a stratified estuarine system . The depth of the oxic/anoxic transition lies between 3.5 and 6 m, below which a sulfidic zone exists. , The anoxic, sulfidic conditions prevent infaunal activity, thereby creating a stable environment for the undisturbed accumulation of settling particles and the development of varved sediment sequences caused by seasonal diatom blooms in surface waters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global and Local Sources of Mercury Deposition in Coastal New England Reconstructed from a Multiproxy, High-Resolution, Estuarine Sediment Record

Fitzgerald

Engstrom

Hammerschmidt

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Historical reconstruction of mercury (Hg) accumulation in natural archives, especially lake sediments, has been essential to understanding human perturbation of the global Hg cycle. Here we present a high-resolution chronology of Hg accumulation between 1727 and 1996 in a varved sediment core from the Pettaquamscutt River Estuary (PRE), Rhode Island. Mercury accumulation is examined relative to (1) historic deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and lead (Pb) and its isotopes (Pb/Pb) in the same core, and (2) other reconstructions of Hg deposition in urban and remote settings. Mercury deposition in PRE parallels the temporal patterns of PAHs, and both track industrialization and regional coal use between 1850 and 1950 as well as rising petroleum use after 1950. There is little indication of increased Hg deposition from late 19th-century silver and gold mining in the western U.S. A broad maximum of Hg deposition during 1930-1980, and not found in remote sites, is consistent with the predicted influence of additional industrial sources and commercial products. Our results imply that a significant portion of global anthropogenic Hg emissions during the 20th century was deposited locally, near urban and industrial centers of Hg use and release.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global and Local Sources of Mercury Deposition in Coastal New England Reconstructed from a Multiproxy, High-Resolution, Estuarine Sediment Record

Fitzgerald

Engstrom

Hammerschmidt

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…96 There are also significant CO microbial sinks in aquatic and terrestrial systems and the competition between these sources and sinks often results in diurnal fluctuations in the net exchange of CO between biosphere and atmosphere. [181][182][183] An extensive study of the sea to air exchange of CO 2 in the sub-arctic estuarine water body, the Canadian St. Lawrence estuary system, showed that the rates of photoproduction and microbial consumption of CO are approximately balanced. 182 Other findings are that the photochemical efficiency for CO production from DOM in aquatic systems decreases with increasing salinity across the freshwater-marine mixing zone.…”

Section: Carbon Monoxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, solar UV radiation, and climate change on biogeochemical cycling: interactions and feedbacks

Erickson

Sulzberger

Zepp

et al. 2014

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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Climate change modulates the effects of solar UV radiation on biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, particularly for carbon cycling, resulting in UV-mediated positive or negative feedbacks on climate. Possible positive feedbacks discussed in this assessment include: (i) enhanced UV-induced mineralisation of above ground litter due to aridification; (ii) enhanced UV-induced mineralisation of photoreactive dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic ecosystems due to changes in continental runoff and ice melting; (iii) reduced efficiency of the biological pump due to UV-induced bleaching of coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in stratified aquatic ecosystems, where CDOM protects phytoplankton from the damaging solar UV-B radiation. Mineralisation of organic matter results in the production and release of CO2, whereas the biological pump is the main biological process for CO2 removal by aquatic ecosystems. This paper also assesses the interactive effects of solar UV radiation and climate change on the biogeochemical cycling of aerosols and trace gases other than CO2, as well as of chemical and biological contaminants. Interacting effects of solar UV radiation and climate change on biogeochemical cycles are particularly pronounced at terrestrial-aquatic interfaces.

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Advances in understanding of air–sea exchange and cycling of greenhouse gases in the upper ocean

Bange,

Mongwe,

Shutler

et al. 2024

Elem Sci Anth

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The air–sea exchange and oceanic cycling of greenhouse gases (GHG), including carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2), are fundamental in controlling the evolution of the Earth’s atmospheric chemistry and climate. Significant advances have been made over the last 10 years in understanding, instrumentation and methods, as well as deciphering the production and consumption pathways of GHG in the upper ocean (including the surface and subsurface ocean down to approximately 1000 m). The global ocean under current conditions is now well established as a major sink for CO2, a major source for N2O and a minor source for both CH4 and CO. The importance of the ocean as a sink or source of NOx is largely unknown so far. There are still considerable uncertainties about the processes and their major drivers controlling the distributions of N2O, CH4, CO, and NOx in the upper ocean. Without having a fundamental understanding of oceanic GHG production and consumption pathways, our knowledge about the effects of ongoing major oceanic changes—warming, acidification, deoxygenation, and eutrophication—on the oceanic cycling and air–sea exchange of GHG remains rudimentary at best. We suggest that only through a comprehensive, coordinated, and interdisciplinary approach that includes data collection by global observation networks as well as joint process studies can the necessary data be generated to (1) identify the relevant microbial and phytoplankton communities, (2) quantify the rates of ocean GHG production and consumption pathways, (3) comprehend their major drivers, and (4) decipher economic and cultural implications of mitigation solutions.

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Aqueous Carbon Monoxide Cycling in a Fjord-Like Estuary

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Global and Local Sources of Mercury Deposition in Coastal New England Reconstructed from a Multiproxy, High-Resolution, Estuarine Sediment Record

Global and Local Sources of Mercury Deposition in Coastal New England Reconstructed from a Multiproxy, High-Resolution, Estuarine Sediment Record

Effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, solar UV radiation, and climate change on biogeochemical cycling: interactions and feedbacks

Advances in understanding of air–sea exchange and cycling of greenhouse gases in the upper ocean

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