Aqueous Extraction Optimization of the Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Components of Boscia Senegalensis Using Central Composite Design Methodology

Abstract

10 min extraction time. At this optimum point the polyphenol content, total reducing power, DPPH free radical scavenging and glycemic index were respectively 2.34 mg galliceq/100 mL, 0.41 mg vitamin C eq/100 mL, 59.0% and 51.6%. In conclusion the response surface methodology successfully conducted to production of decoction of Boscia senegalensis with the highest polyphenol content, antioxidant properties and the lowest glycemic index.Keywords: Antioxidant propertie; Boscia senegalensis; Decoction; Glycemic index; Optimization Citation: Dongmo F, Sokeng Dogmo S, Njintang Yanou N (2017) Aqueous Extraction Optimization of the Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Components of Boscia Senegalensis Using Central Composite Design Methodology. J Food Sci Nutr 3: 015.• Material and Methods Sampling and production of Boscia senegalensis flourBoscia senegalensis seeds used in this study were harvested in the experimental farm of the University of Ndjamena, Chad in November 2014. The species were identified and voucher specimen was deposited at the Veterinary and Zoo technical Laboratory of Facha (N° 1344). The matured dried seeds were carefully cleaned and sorted to remove defective ones. The dry seeds were grounded into fine flour using an electric grinder (Culatti, Polymix, France) equipped with a sieve of diameter 800 µm mesh, sealed in polyethylene bags and stored at ambient temperature (25 ± 2°C) until analysis. Aqueous extraction of Boscia senegalensis powderBoscia senegalensis decoction was extracted from the flour using distilled water. The amount of flour used for each extraction corresponds to an average of mass of flour typically used for decoctions, according to the preliminary investigation from traditional health. Also, decoction time and temperature ranges were chosen based on the traditional practices for obtaining Boscia decoction. Seventeen extractions were performed in triplicate as shown in the experimental design (Table 1). The flour was blended with distilled water (flour ratio 0.3:10 to 4:10 g/mL) preheated to the desired temperature, and the slurry was stirred at 2500 rpm using an electric stirrer under different extraction time (3 -38 min) and temperature (25 to 95°C). After incubation, the sample was centrifuged at 1500 g for 15 min at 25°C, the supernatant was collected and the residue was re-extracted in the same conditions. The collected supernatants were combined and packaged in 100 mL volumetric glass vessels and stored at 4°C in the refrigerator for analysis.

Successive grinding and sieving as a new tool to fractionate polyphenols and antioxidants of plants powders: Application to Boscia senegalensis seeds, Dichrostachys glomerata fruits, and Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx powders

“…Then, it has also been showed that the aqueous, alcoholic, and hydroalcoholic extracts of the fruits of Dichrostachys glomerata, which is the second plant of medicinal interest of the study, exhibit antioxidant (Kuate, Etoundi, Soukontoua, Ngondi, & Oben, 2010), anti-hypertensive, hypoglycemic (Fankam, Kuete, Voukeng, Kuiate, & Pages, 2011), anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperlipidemic activities (Kuate et al, 2013); these numerous biological activities were attributed to their contents in a broad range of bioactive molecules such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, mucilage, glucocapparins, and sterols. Likewise, the seed extracts of the third plant of medicinal interest of the current study, Boscia senegalensis, are rich in saponins, tannins, anthraquinone, alkaloids, and flavonoids; it has been shown that they have anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycemic, and antioxidant properties (Dongmo, Dogmo, & Njintang, 2017).…”