Aqueous Organic Hydrogen Gas Proton Batteries with Ultrahigh-Rate and Ultralow-Temperature Performance

Abstract

Aqueous proton batteries (APBs) have emerged as one of the most promising batteries for large-scale energy storage technology. However, they usually show an undesirable electrochemical performance. Herein, we demonstrate a novel aqueous catalytic hydrogen gas powered organic proton (HOP) battery, which is driven by hydrogen evolution/oxidation redox reactions via commercial nanocatalysts on the anode and coordination/ decoordination reactions of C�O with H + on the cathode. The HOP battery shows an excellent rate capacity of 190.1 mAh g −1 at 1 A g −1 and 71.4 mAh g −1 at 100 A g −1 . It also delivers a capacity of 96.6 mAh g −1 after 100000 cycles and operates at temperatures down to −70 °C. Moreover, the HOP battery is fabricated in a large-scale pouch cell with an extended capacity, exhibiting its potential for practical energy storage applications. This work provides new insights into the building of sustainable APBs, which will broaden the horizons of high-performance aqueous batteries.

Decoupled electrolysis for hydrogen production and hydrazine oxidation via high-capacity and stable pre-protonated vanadium hexacyanoferrate

“…21 ). The aqueous batteries, especially aqueous proton batteries with only the proton charge carriers, usually hold an electrochemical window of 0-1.2 V, but those secondary batteries intrinsically own the perceived merits of high safety, low cost, easy manufacture, fast kinetics, and long-term cycling stability 43 , 44 , 52 – 56 . The gas products and purity were also measured and the data are shown in Fig.…”

Potassium energy storage behavior of nickel–zinc co-doped Prussian blue analogs formed by a chelating-agent-assisted route and its application in a K+-proton hybrid-ion aqueous alkaline battery

“…14,15 Fortunately, when electrochemical hydrogen storage materials, such as carbon-based materials, are applied as the anode in the HIB system, the protons coming from the electrolysis of water replace the traditional metal ions as the charge carriers in the anode. 16–20 The following advantages are offered by this approach: (1) the kinetics of HIBs can be enhanced via the rapid migration of protons. (2) Other ions in the electrolytes do not interfere with the reaction at the anode side, which purely involves proton insertion/extraction in the anode.…”

A Unified Charge Storage Mechanism to Rationalize the Electrochemical Behavior of Quinone-Based Organic Electrodes in Aqueous Rechargeable Batteries

“…This mechanism of reversible charge compensation through coordination of multivalent metal cations (mainly Zn 2+ but also Mg 2+ , Al 3+ , and even Ca 2+ ) was thereafter taken up for a wide range of either n-type conjugated carbonyl- or imine-containing compound. ,, The second reported mechanism, mostly for quinone- or quinone analog-based electrodes, is the reversible storage of protons . This is a fairly obvious mechanism when the electrolyte is a strong acid like H 2 SO 4 , , , − but it is much less clear when the aqueous electrolyte is mildly acidic. Indeed, a majority of groups propose the reversible co-uptake of H + and Zn 2+ when working in a mild acidic aqueous ZnSO 4 electrolyte, − while a few others suggest charge storage exclusively based or largely dominated by the reversible uptake of protons, and this either with carbonyl- , or imine-based redox-active organic electrodes. , There are even controversial results in literature where different charge storage mechanisms are proposed for the same quinone moiety (the PTO moiety is a good example ,,− ).…”