Aqueous RAFT/MADIX polymerisation of vinylphosphonic acid

Living Radical Polymerization by the RAFT Process – A Third Update

“…A* (CMS) [336] (AA) [499] BA [500,501] NIPAm [499] TMAPAm [499] (DMAm) [494] VAc [494,502,503] VBz [503] VPv [503] NES [290] BES [290] VF2 [504] NVC [290] NVCL [505] NVP [506,507] VPA [506,508] (DADMAC) [113,506] (AA/iBoA) [509] (AA-b-iBoA) [509] VF2/PMVE [504] DMAm-b-VAc [494] (PDMAm-b-VF2) [504] VAc-b-VBz [503] (VAc-b-VPv) [503] VBz-bVAc [503] VBz-b-VPv [503] VPv-b-VAc [503] (VPv-bVBz) [503] NVC-b-NES [290] AA-b-VPA [508] (Am-b-DADMAC) [113] (AA-b-DADMAC) [506] 228…”

Hybrid polyion complex micelles from poly(vinylphosphonic acid)-based double hydrophilic block copolymers and divalent transition metal ions

“…Polymerizations of VPA were carried out in water (Scheme 1), and reached a final conversion of 36e40%. The low conversion obtained is due to the low reactivity of VPA, which is slow to polymerize under MADIX conditions [55]. The polymers were purified by precipitation in methanol in which both PAm and PVPA are insoluble.…”

“…A few years ago, we reported the first example of RDRP of a phosphonic acid-functional monomer, vinylphosphonic acid (VPA), which was successfully polymerized by aqueous MADIX polymerization with controlled M n in the 1000e5000 g$mol À1 range [55]. This rendered possible the direct aqueous synthesis of poly(acrylic acid)-poly(vinylphosphonic acid) diblock copolymers.…”

Well-defined phosphonate-functional copolymers through RAFT copolymerization of dimethyl-p-vinylbenzylphosphonate

“…More recently, RAFT polymerization has appeared to be the most straightforward strategy to produce controlled poly(phosphonates) and most importantly unprotected poly(phosphonic acids). For instance, our group recently reported the aqueous RAFT/MADIX polymerization of vinylphosphonic acid . Canniccioni et al successfully studied RAFT polymerization of dimethyl(methacryloyloxy)methyl phosphonate and its phosphonic acid derivative.…”