Aqueous shift reagents for high-resolution cationic nuclear magnetic resonance. III. Dy(TTHA)3−, Tm(TTHA)3−, and Tm(PPP)27−

Chu, Simon C. K.; Pike, Martin M.; Fossel, Eric T.; Smith, Thomas W.; Balschi, James A.; Springer, Charles S.

doi:10.1016/0022-2364(84)90189-6

Cited by 93 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…23Na spectra were acquired using a broad-band probe tuned to 79.38 MHz with a spectral window of 4032 Hz, a pulse angle of 60°, and a recycle time of 0.2 s. The spectra were acquired sequentially during the time course in files of 6000 scans (corresponding to 20 min), and each free induction decay contained 4K data points. Chemical shifts were referenced to the unshifted intracellular resonance at O ppm, and the extracellular resonance was shifted upfield using the shift reagent DY(PPP)~~- (Chu et al, 1984). The concentration of sodium in the tissue was calculated by comparing the intensity of the intracellular sodium resonance with that of a previously calibrated capillary containing 2 M NaCl, 40 m dysprosium TTHA, which gives a resonance downfield of the intracellular sodium (Chu et al, 1984).…”

Section: Nmr Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical shifts were referenced to the unshifted intracellular resonance at O ppm, and the extracellular resonance was shifted upfield using the shift reagent DY(PPP)~~- (Chu et al, 1984). The concentration of sodium in the tissue was calculated by comparing the intensity of the intracellular sodium resonance with that of a previously calibrated capillary containing 2 M NaCl, 40 m dysprosium TTHA, which gives a resonance downfield of the intracellular sodium (Chu et al, 1984). The sample volume was measured as described by Spickett et al (1992), and this was used to calculate the intracellular sodium concentration; the change in tissue volume during treatment was taken into account in the calculations.…”

Section: Nmr Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An in Vivo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of Ion Transport in Maize (Zea mays) and Spartina anglica Roots during Exposure to High Salt Concentrations

1993

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l h e response of maize (Zea mays 1.) and Spartina anglica root tips to exposure to sodium chloride concentrations in the range O to 500 mM was investigated using 23Na and "P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Changes in the chemical shift of the pH-dependent 31P-NMR signals from the cytoplasmic and vacuolar orthophosphate pools were correlated with the uptake of sodium, and after allowing for a number of complicating factors we concluded that these chemical shift changes indicated the occurrence of a small cytoplasmic alkalinization (0.1-0.2 pH units) and a larger vacuolar alkalinization (0.6 pH units) in make root tips exposed to salt concentrations greater than 200 mM. The data were interpreted in terms of the ion transport processes that may be important during salt stress, and we concluded that the vacuolar alkalinization provided evidence for the operation of a tonoplast Na+/H+-antiport with an adivity that exceeded the activity of the tonoplast H+ pumps. l h e intracellular pH values stabilized during prolonged treatment with high salt concentrations, and this observation was linked to the recent demonstration (Y. Nakamura, K. Kasamo, N. Shimosato, M. Sakata, E. Ohta [1992] Plant Cell Physiol 33: 139-149) of the salt-induced activation of the tonoplast H+-ATPase. Sodium vanadate, an inhibitor of the plasmalemma H+-ATPase, stimulated the net uptake of sodium by maize root tips, and this was interpreted in terms of a reduction in adive sodium efflux from the tissue. S. anglica root tips accumulated sodium more slowly than did maize, with no change in cytoplasmic pH and a relatively small change (0.3 pH units) in vacuolar pH, and it appears that salt tolerance in Spartina is based in part on its ability to prevent the net influx of sodium chloride.High extemal salt (NaC1) concentration is detrimental to many plants both as a result of the decreased extemal water potential, which inhibits cell expansion, and the build-up of sodium and chloride in the cytoplasm, which results in the inhibition of metabolic processes. Because salinity is often a problem in imgated soils and can lead to severe decreases in

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Section: Nmr Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nmr Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in Vivo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of Ion Transport in Maize (Zea mays) and Spartina anglica Roots during Exposure to High Salt Concentrations

1993

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“…3a but after addition of 2.25 mM CaC12. Using the PPP affinity constants'for Dy3+ and Ca2' [25], the concentration of free Ca2+ ions under these conditions can be calculated to be 100 PM, which already supports secretion. In spite of the decrease in the chemical shift distance between the Na+ signals, they still were resolved and could be fitted to two lorentzians (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

³¹P and ²³Na nuclear magnetic resonance studies of resting and stimulated mast cells

1990

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Exocytosis induced by crosslinking the type I receptor for Fc, domains present on rat mucosal mast cells (RBL-2H3-line) requires the influx of Ca*+ ions and is markedly influenced by the concentration of monovalent cations (K+, Na+ and protons) in their medium. We investigated the role of these ions in coupling the immunological stimulus to secretion using NMR spectroscopy to monitor simuhanously intracellular pH, ATP and Na+ concentrations and the secretory response of living adherent mast cells. Using this methodology we observed that: (i) ATP concentration and intracellular pH are highly regulated and no changes could be resolved in them upon stimulation and during exocytosis. (ii) In the absence of potassium ions in the cells' medium, a decrease is observed in the intracellular pH and ATP concentration and an increase in the Na+ concentration. (iii) From the influx of extracellular Na+ following inhibition of the Na+, K+-ATPase by ouabain, we estimated the inward Na+ current of resting cells to 5 x 107 ions&-ells). This value does not vary by more than 10% during exocytosis.

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“…Larger derivatives of DOTA and DTPA, such as hexaazacyclohexadecane-N,N',N'',N''',N'''',N'''''-hexaacetic acid (HEHA) (60) and triethylenetetraaminehexaacetic acid (TTHA) (61), provide opportunities to couple additional peptides to a single molecular imaging agent. If the chemical shifts of all amides within multiple peptide-chelator linkages have the same MR chemical shift, then exploiting this SPPS method to link multiple peptides to a single chelator may increase the strength of the PARACEST effect and improve the detection of these molecular imaging contrast agents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptidyl Molecular Imaging Contrast Agents Using a New Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis Approach

Yoo

Pagel

2007

Bioconjugate Chem.

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A versatile method is disclosed for solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) of molecular imaging contrast agents. A DO3A moiety was derivatized to introduce a CBZ-protected amino group and then coupled to a polymeric support. CBZ cleavage with Et 2 AlCl/thioanisole was optimized for SPPS. Amino acids were then coupled to the aminoDOTA loaded resin using conventional step-wise Fmoc SPPS to create a product with DOTA coupled to the C-terminus of the peptide. In a second study, the DO3A moiety was coupled to a glycine-loaded polymeric support, and amino acids were then coupled to the amino-DOTA-peptide loaded resin using SPPS, to incorporate DOTA within the peptide sequence. The peptide-(Tm 3+ -DOTA) amide showed a PARAmagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (PARACEST) effect, which demonstrated the utility of this contrast agent for molecular imaging. These results demonstrate the advantages of exploiting SPPS methodologies through the development of unique DOTA derivatives to create peptide-based molecular imaging contrast agents.

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Aqueous shift reagents for high-resolution cationic nuclear magnetic resonance. III. Dy(TTHA)3−, Tm(TTHA)3−, and Tm(PPP)27−

Cited by 93 publications

References 24 publications

An in Vivo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of Ion Transport in Maize (Zea mays) and Spartina anglica Roots during Exposure to High Salt Concentrations

An in Vivo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of Ion Transport in Maize (Zea mays) and Spartina anglica Roots during Exposure to High Salt Concentrations

³¹P and ²³Na nuclear magnetic resonance studies of resting and stimulated mast cells

Peptidyl Molecular Imaging Contrast Agents Using a New Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis Approach

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Aqueous shift reagents for high-resolution cationic nuclear magnetic resonance. III. Dy(TTHA)3−, Tm(TTHA)3−, and Tm(PPP)27−

Cited by 93 publications

References 24 publications

An in Vivo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of Ion Transport in Maize (Zea mays) and Spartina anglica Roots during Exposure to High Salt Concentrations

An in Vivo Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of Ion Transport in Maize (Zea mays) and Spartina anglica Roots during Exposure to High Salt Concentrations

31P and 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance studies of resting and stimulated mast cells

Peptidyl Molecular Imaging Contrast Agents Using a New Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis Approach

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³¹P and ²³Na nuclear magnetic resonance studies of resting and stimulated mast cells