Aqueous two-phase systems formed by biocompatible and biodegradable polysaccharides and acetonitrile

Abstract

In this work, it is shown that novel aqueous two-phase systems can be formed by the combination of acetonitrile and polysaccharides, namely dextran. Several ternary phase diagrams were determined at 25 °C for the systems composed of water + acetonitrile + dextran. The effect of the dextran molecular weight (6,000, 40,000 and 100,000 g.mol −1 ) was ascertained toward their ability to undergo liquid-liquid demixing. An increase in the dextran molecular weight favors the phase separation. Furthermore, the effect of temperature (25, 35 and 45 °C) was evaluated for the system constituted by the dextran of higher molecular weight. Lower temperatures are favorable for phase separation since lower amounts of dextran and acetonitrile are required for the creation of aqueous two-phase systems. In general, acetonitrile is enriched in the top phase while dextran is majorly concentrated in the bottom phase. The applicability of this new type of two-phase systems as liquid-liquid extraction approaches was also evaluated by the study of the partition behavior of a well-known antioxidant -vanillin -and used here as a model biomolecule. The optimized conditions led to an extraction efficiency of vanillin of 95% at the acetonitrile-rich phase.

Integrative process to extract chlorophyll and purify rosmarinic acid from rosemary leaves (Rosmarinus officialis)

“…Aqueous two‐phase system (ATPS) is a kind of liquid–liquid fractionation procedure that uses a pair of aqueous soluble compounds (polymers, salts, ionic liquids, carbohydrates, polyols, and organic solvents) above a critical point . ATPSs have been used in separation, concentration, and purification of a broad number of biomolecules such as proteins/enzymes, alkaloids, antioxidants, anthocyanins, and antibody, including Chls, and rosmarinic acid…”

“…[27][28][29] Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) is a kind of liquid-liquid fractionation procedure that uses a pair of aqueous soluble compounds (polymers, salts, ionic liquids, carbohydrates, polyols, and organic solvents) above a critical point. [30][31][32] ATPSs have been used in separation, concentration, and purification of a broad number of biomolecules such as proteins/enzymes, 33 alkaloids, 34 antioxidants, 35 anthocyanins, 36 and antibody, 37 including Chls, 38 and rosmarinic acid. 29 ATPS presents a series of advantages, such as: biocompatibility due to high water content in both phases, scalability, low cost, possibility to obtain products with high purity, to implement an integrative process, and to recover the system constituents.…”

Measurement and Correlation of Phase Equilibria in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems Containing Polyoxyethylene Cetyl Ether and Three Organic Salts at Different Temperatures

“…As a new green separation/enrichment technology, the aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) has many advantages, for example, being easy to operate, timesaving, highly efficient, green, and environmental friendly. ATPE has been applied in fields ranging from the quantitative separation and extraction of metal ions − and the separation and purification of active biosubstance − to the extraction of natural products. − Currently, the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) falls into four categories: polymer–salt ATPS, − two-polymer ATPS, , micromolecule alcohol–salt ATPS, , and ion liquid–salt ATPS. , The last three kinds of ATPSs are hard to convert from the laboratory prototype into mass production for the following reasons. First, the viscosity of the two-polymer system is high.…”

Examining the Phase Equilibria of Choline Chloride + Tripotassium Phosphate + Water and Exploiting the Liquid- Liquid Zone for Biomolecule Partitioning: Influence of Salt Additives

“…Additionally, separation using ATPSs is facile and selective [11]. Another advantage is the low interfacial tension, facilitating rapid mass transfer between phases and minimizing time and energy consumption for separation [12,13].…”