Arabic Linguistic Tradition II

Abstract

This article deals essentially with two topics. The first is rhetoric, as one of the two sectors of the basic core of the Arabic linguistic tradition. Since the tradition was not definitively constructed until the postclassical period, Qazwīnī’s Talkhīs (d. 739/1338) is used—the most famous “epitome” of the rhetorical part of Sakkākī’s Miftāħ al-‘Ulūm, which itself is based on the two works of Abd al-Qāhir al-Jurjānī (d. 471/1078), Asrār al-‘Arabiyya and Dalā’il al-’I‘jāz. The second is the intersections of rhetoric with the other sectors of this tradition: linguistics proper, namely, grammar; and not linguistics proper, namely, the theologico-juridical sciences.

54 | Supplemento | 2018 Texts in Between Action and Non-Action. Genesis, Strategies, and Outcomes of Textual Agency

“…17 As a part of the tripartite rhetoric, figures of speech rely on the general definition of balāġa hinged on the requirements of the situation of the enunciation -muqtaḍà l-ḥāl. 18 As underlined by Ghersetti (1998), Bauer (2007), and Larcher (2009and Larcher ( , 2013, the importance devoted to the situation of the enunciation demonstrates the essential pragmatic nature of rhetoric, namely the relevance of the context -maqām -and the audience in the formulation of the utterance. In applying this statement to the work of art -such as, for example, poetry -, we face a twofold value of the context.…”

The Extent of Correspondence Between Curriculum and Science Classifications in the Ottoman State (16th to 19th Centuries)*

“…These subjects begun their journey of emerging at tenth century and reached their final form by twelfth century. The first explicit attempt to divide the language sciences was by al-Sakkākī (twelfth century) who opened the door of the idea of dividing language sciences into branches in a way that is very similar to nowadays language levels (Larcher, 2013). Then the widely accepted subdivision of language sciences comes, which is the division of Sayyid Sharīf al-Jurjānī who talked about twelve branches of primary and secondary language sciences in his commentary on al-Sakkākī's work (Celik, 2009).…”

“…This meant that these branches deal with combined words or sentences that are correct according to syntactic rules. Thus, maʿānī is a branch more likely to be equivalent of pragmatics instead of semantics which deals with individual words also (Larcher, 2013). As maʿānī contains some semantic aspects we referred to this field as pragmatics-semantics.…”