“…Ideally, ANL should be measured with speech materials generated from the native language of a listener. Therefore, different language versions of the ANL test have been developed, including the Chinese (Mandarin) ANL [Chen et al, 2011], Danish and Swedish ANL [Brännström et al, 2012], Australian ANL [Walravens et al, 2014], and Arabic ANL [Mahmoud et al, 2018]. The comprehension of speech material in noise is not required in ANL, and previous studies have used speech material in various forms, including stories, words, and sentences.…”