Arabidopsis CYP86A2 represses Pseudomonas syringae type III genes and is required for cuticle development

Xiao, Fangming; Goodwin, S. Mark; Xiao, Yanmei; Sun, Zhaoyu; Baker, Daniel H.; Tang, Xiaoyan; Jenks, Matthew A.; Zhou, Jialing

doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600290

Cited by 290 publications

(309 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

299

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In Arabidopsis, CYP86A2/ATT1, CYP86A4, and CYP86A1 contribute to the modification of aliphatic lipid polyester monomers in leaf, flower, and seed, respectively (34-37), whereas CYP86A8/LCR participates in cutin formation in various organs (34). Loss-of-function mutants of Arabidopsis CYP86A8/LCR and ATT1 presented increased epidermal permeability (34,36). In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a CYP86A mutant showed a thinner cuticle layer, reduced amount of cutin monomers, and faster water loss in fruit than the corresponding wild-type (38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A class II KNOX gene, KNOX4 , controls seed physical dormancy

Chai

Zhou

Molina

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Physical dormancy of seed is an adaptive trait that widely exists in higher plants. This kind of dormancy is caused by a waterimpermeable layer that blocks water and oxygen from the surrounding environment and keeps embryos in a viable status for a long time. Most of the work on hardseededness has focused on morphological structure and phenolic content of seed coat. The molecular mechanism underlying physical dormancy remains largely elusive. By screening a large number of Tnt1 retrotransposontagged Medicago truncatula lines, we identified nondormant seed mutants from this model legume species. Unlike wild-type hard seeds exhibiting physical dormancy, the mature mutant seeds imbibed water quickly and germinated easily, without the need for scarification. Microscopic observations of cross sections showed that the mutant phenotype was caused by a dysfunctional palisade cuticle layer in the seed coat. Chemical analysis found differences in lipid monomer composition between the wild-type and mutant seed coats. Genetic and molecular analyses revealed that a class II KNOTTED-like homeobox (KNOXII) gene, KNOX4, was responsible for the loss of physical dormancy in the seeds of the mutants. Microarray and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses identified CYP86A, a gene associated with cutin biosynthesis, as one of the downstream target genes of KNOX4. This study elucidated a novel molecular mechanism of physical dormancy and revealed a new role of class II KNOX genes. Furthermore, KNOX4-like genes exist widely in seed plants but are lacking in nonseed species, indicating that KNOX4 may have diverged from the other KNOXII genes during the evolution of seed plants.S eed dormancy is a complex adaptive trait of higher plants that allows embryos to survive extended periods of unfavorable environmental conditions (1). Over the course of evolution, plant seeds have evolved diverse dormancy forms in response to various climates to maintain viability (2). Physical dormancy, also termed hardseededness, is an exogenous dormancy caused by a water-impermeable hard seed coat. Physical dormancy plays a key role in protecting seeds against microbial attacks and predators and maintaining seed banks in soils (3-5). This type of dormancy has been found in at least 17 plant families and is very common in legume species (2, 6, 7). Seed exhibiting physical dormancy is characterized by specific morphological features, including a water-impermeable palisade cell layer covered by intact cuticles in the hard seed coat. This structure blocks water and oxygen from its surrounding environment and preserves seeds in a viable status for a long time, sometimes for more than hundreds of years (8). Another common type of seed dormancy is physiological dormancy, which is caused by endogenous factors (e.g., abscisic acid) in embryos. Most molecular studies on seed dormancy have focused on physiological dormancy, using model species Arabidopsis thaliana (9, 10).However, A. thaliana seed is water-permeable, and thus not a suitable model to study physical dor...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A class II KNOX gene, KNOX4 , controls seed physical dormancy

Chai

Zhou

Molina

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the case of Arabidopsis the P450 CYP86A2 (ATT1) (20), LACS2 (19,24), and a pair of redundant acyltransferases, GPAT4 and GPAT8 (12), control most of the accumulation of the dicarboxylic acids in leaf and stem cutin, including the dominant yet unusual monomer octadecadiene-1,18-dioic acid. In the case of suberin, a suberin-associated acyltransferase, GPAT5, and two suberin-correlated P450s, CYP86A1 and CYP86B1, are required for the synthesis of suberin-like monomers in cutin of transgenic Arabidopsis (12,(43)(44)(45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last few years, the list of genes of cutin biosynthesis in A. thaliana has grown significantly (12,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). These genes have been shown to affect monomers of stems, leaves, or seeds, but none has been demonstrated to affect the synthesis of the cutin layer in floral organs on the basis of a chemical analysis of cutin.…”

Section: Identification Of Arabidopsis Mutants Lacking Flower Nanoridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoridges that characterize the surface morphology of flowers require the synthesis of cutin polyester

Li‐Beisson

Pollard

Sauveplane

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

238

252

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Distinctive nanoridges on the surface of flowers have puzzled plant biologists ever since their discovery over 75 years ago. Although postulated to help attract insect pollinators, the function, chemical nature, and ontogeny of these surface nanostructures remain uncertain. Studies have been hampered by the fact that no ridgeless mutants have been identified. Here, we describe two mutants lacking nanoridges and define the biosynthetic pathway for 10,16-dihydroxypalmitate, a major cutin monomer in nature. Using gene expression profiling, two candidates for the formation of floral cutin were identified in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana: the glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 6 (GPAT6) and a member of a cytochrome P450 family with unknown biological function (CYP77A6). Plants carrying null mutations in either gene produced petals with no nanoridges and no cuticle could be observed by either scanning or transmission electron microscopy. A strong reduction in cutin content was found in flowers of both mutants. In planta overexpression suggested GPAT6 preferentially uses palmitate derivatives in cutin synthesis. Comparison of cutin monomer profiles in knockouts for CYP77A6 and the fatty acid -hydroxylase CYP86A4 provided genetic evidence that CYP77A6 is an in-chain hydroxylase acting subsequently to CYP86A4 in the synthesis of 10,16-dihydroxypalmitate. Biochemical activity of CYP77A6 was demonstrated by production of dihydroxypalmitates from 16-hydroxypalmitate, using CYP77A6-expressing yeast microsomes. These results define the biosynthetic pathway for an abundant and widespread monomer of the cutin polyester, show that the morphology of floral surfaces depends on the synthesis of cutin, and identify target genes to investigate the function of nanoridges in flower biology.10,16-dihydroxypalmitic acid ͉ cuticular ridges ͉ CYP77A6 ͉ CYP86A4 ͉ glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 6

show abstract

“…Likewise, genes from the lipid metabolism and binding category were overrepresented in both cluster 29 (young fruit septum) and cluster 27 (ovary septum). These clusters comprised several genes encoding lipases containing the GDSL motif and lipid-transfer proteins; in addition, some genes in cluster 29 encode proteins related to cutin metabolism, including the tomato cutin synthase CUTIN DEFICIENT1 (Yeats et al, 2014) and homologs of Arabidopsis ECERIFERUM8 and CYP86A2, a member of the cytochrome p450 CYP86A subfamily, which are involved in fatty acid modification (Xiao et al, 2004;Lü et al, 2009).…”

Section: Stage-dependent Expression Clustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Tissue-Specific Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Distinct Regulatory Programs during Early Tomato Fruit Development

Pattison

Csukasi²,

Zheng³

et al. 2015

Plant Physiol.

131

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fruit formation and early development involve a range of physiological and morphological transformations of the various constituent tissues of the ovary. These developmental changes vary considerably according to tissue type, but molecular analyses at an organ-wide level inevitably obscure many tissue-specific phenomena. We used laser-capture microdissection coupled to high-throughput RNA sequencing to analyze the transcriptome of ovaries and fruit tissues of the wild tomato species Solanum pimpinellifolium. This laser-capture microdissection-high-throughput RNA sequencing approach allowed quantitative global profiling of gene expression at previously unobtainable levels of spatial resolution, revealing numerous contrasting transcriptome profiles and uncovering rare and cell type-specific transcripts. Coexpressed gene clusters linked specific tissues and stages to major transcriptional changes underlying the ovary-to-fruit transition and provided evidence of regulatory modules related to cell division, photosynthesis, and auxin transport in internal fruit tissues, together with parallel specialization of the pericarp transcriptome in stress responses and secondary metabolism. Analysis of transcription factor expression and regulatory motifs indicated putative gene regulatory modules that may regulate the development of different tissues and hormonal processes. Major alterations in the expression of hormone metabolic and signaling components illustrate the complex hormonal control underpinning fruit formation, with intricate spatiotemporal variations suggesting separate regulatory programs.

show abstract

Arabidopsis CYP86A2 represses Pseudomonas syringae type III genes and is required for cuticle development

Cited by 290 publications

References 51 publications

A class II KNOX gene, KNOX4 , controls seed physical dormancy

A class II KNOX gene, KNOX4 , controls seed physical dormancy

Nanoridges that characterize the surface morphology of flowers require the synthesis of cutin polyester

Comprehensive Tissue-Specific Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Distinct Regulatory Programs during Early Tomato Fruit Development

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About