Arabidopsis dynamin-related proteins, DRP2A and DRP2B, function coordinately in post-Golgi trafficking

Huang, Jiahe; Fujimoto, Masaru; Fukao, Yoichiro; Arimura, Shin‐ichi; Tsutsumi, Nobuhiro

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.11.065

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This is correlated with a smaller decrease of PM-localized AtFLS2 in drp2b mutants after flg22 elicitation (126), in agreement with a role of DRP2B at the PM (49). However, as AtFLS2-GFP endosomes are still formed in drp2b mutants, it thus appears that this dynamin GTPase is only partially required for AtFLS2 internalization from the PM and at least another of the 16 DRP family members in Arabidopsis is likely to be involved (64). Although endocytosis of activated AtFLS2 is accomplished by clathrin and dynamin GTPases, the mechanisms underlying the recruitment of this machinery to the receptor are unclear.…”

Section: Plasma Membrane Localizationmentioning

confidence: 91%

A Moving View: Subcellular Trafficking Processes in Pattern Recognition Receptor–Triggered Plant Immunity

Khaled

Postma

Robatzek

2015

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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A significant challenge for plants is to induce localized defense responses at sites of pathogen attack. Therefore, host subcellular trafficking processes enable accumulation and exchange of defense compounds, which contributes to the plant on-site defenses in response to pathogen perception. This review summarizes our current understanding of the transport processes that facilitate immunity, the significance of which is highlighted by pathogens reprogramming membrane trafficking through host cell translocated effectors. Prominent immune-related cargos of plant trafficking pathways are the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which must be present at the plasma membrane to sense microbes in the apoplast. We focus on the dynamic localization of the FLS2 receptor and discuss the pathways that regulate receptor transport within the cell and their link to FLS2-mediated immunity. One emerging theme is that ligand-induced late endocytic trafficking is conserved across different PRR protein families as well as across different plant species.

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Section: Plasma Membrane Localizationmentioning

confidence: 91%

A Moving View: Subcellular Trafficking Processes in Pattern Recognition Receptor–Triggered Plant Immunity

Khaled

Postma

Robatzek

2015

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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“…12 Decreased PR1 mRNA levels in response to flg22 and bacterial infection correlated with increased susceptibility to pathogenic and nonpathogenic Pto DC3000 strains. 12 In agreement with a role for DRP2B in clathrin-mediated endocytosis from the PM, 14,15 we and others found that Arabidopsis DRP2B 12 and Nicotiana benthamiana DRP2 16 orthologs, respectively, are required for robust flg22-induced endocytosis of FLS2. In drp2b loss-of-function mutant plants, a delay in removal of activated FLS2 from the PM correlates with enhanced flg22-induced ROS production and Ca 2C flux.…”

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confidence: 66%

Increased callose deposition in plants lacking DYNAMIN-RELATED PROTEIN 2B is dependent upon POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANT 4

Leslie

Rogers

Heese

2016

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Callose deposition within the cell wall is a well-documented plant immune response to pathogenic organisms as well as to pathogen-/microbe-associated molecular patterns (P/MAMPs). However, the molecular mechanisms that modulate pathogen-induced callose deposition are less understood. We reported previously that Arabidopsis plants lacking the vesicle trafficking component DYNAMIN-RELATED PROTEIN 2B (DRP2B) display increased callose deposition in response to the PAMP flg22. Here, we show that increased number of flg22-induced callose deposits in drp2b leaves is fully dependent on the callose synthase POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANT 4 (PMR4). We propose that in addition to functioning in flg22-induced endocytosis of the plant receptor, FLAGELLIN SENSING 2, DRP2B may regulate the trafficking of proteins involved in callose synthesis, such as PMR4, and/or callose degradation.

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“…We designed silencing constructs that target N. benthamiana DRP2 Nb05397 ( NbDRP2-1 ) and Nb31648 ( NbDRP2-2 ), which are the most closely related N. benthamiana DRP2 to the tobacco NtDRP2-1 and NtDRP2-2 (Figure S6). Reports in Arabidopsis showed that members of the DRP2 family are implicated in cell cytokinesis and post-Golgi vesicular trafficking and are essential for development with drp2 double mutants exhibiting pleiotropic developmental defects 77–79, 83 . In addition, in an independent study, Smith and colleagues 84 recently showed that DRP2B functions in flg22-signaling and bacterial immunity in Arabidopsis 84 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In animal systems, canonical dynamin proteins mediate pinching off clathrin-coated vesicles from the membrane during constitutive endocytosis 52, 55 . In Arabidopsis, the two canonical dynamins DRP2A and DRP2B have been shown to play a role in endocytosis and to be genetically and functionally redundant 78, 83 . Recently, Smith et al 84 ., showed that in Arabidopsis, FLS2 endocytosis is partially dependent on DRP2B, but not DRP2A 84 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytophthora infestansRXLR-WY effector AVR3a associates with a Dynamin-Related Protein involved in endocytosis of a plant pattern recognition receptor

Schwizer

Sklenář

Yoshida

et al. 2014

Preprint

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Perception of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by cell surface localized pattern recognition receptors (PPRs), activates plant basal defense responses in a process known as PAMP/PRR-triggered immunity (PTI). In turn, pathogens deploy effector proteins that interfere with different steps in PTI signaling. However, our knowledge of PTI suppression by filamentous plant pathogens, i.e. fungi and oomycetes, remains fragmentary. Previous work revealed that BAK1/SERK3, a regulatory receptor of several PRRs, contributes to basal immunity against the Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans. Moreover BAK1/SERK3 is required for the cell death induced by P. infestans elicitin INF1, a protein with characteristics of PAMPs. The P. infestans host-translocated RXLR-WY effector AVR3a is known to supress INF1-mediated defense by binding the E3 ligase CMPG1. In contrast, AVR3aKl-Y147del, a deletion mutant of the C-terminal tyrosine of AVR3a, fails to bind CMPG1 and suppress INF1 cell death. Here we studied the extent to which AVR3a and its variants perturb additional BAK1/SERK3 dependent PTI responses using the plant PRR FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (FLS2). We found that all tested variants of AVR3a, including AVR3aKl-Y147del, suppress early defense responses triggered by the bacterial flagellin-derived peptide flg22 and reduce internalization of activated FLS2 from the plasma membrane without disturbing its nonactivated localization. Consistent with this effect of AVR3a on FLS2 endocytosis, we discovered that AVR3a associates with the Dynamin-Related Protein DRP2, a plant GTPase implicated in receptor-mediated endocytosis. Interestingly, DRP2 is required for ligand-induced FLS2 internalization but does not affect internalization of the growth receptor BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1). Furthermore, overexpression of DRP2 suppressed accumulation of reactive oxygen species triggered by PAMP treatment. We conclude that AVR3a associates with a key cellular trafficking and membrane-remodeling complex involved in immune receptor-mediated endocytosis and signaling. AVR3a is a multifunctional effector that can suppress BAK1/SERK3 mediated immunity through at least two different pathways. AUTHOR SUMMARY Plants have a basal layer of immunity to mount defense responses against invading pathogens; in turn, pathogens deploy effector proteins to subvert plant immunity and manipulate host processes to enable parasitic infection. The Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans has a large set of effectors that target multiple host cellular sites. The best-characterized P. infestans effector AVR3a supports enhanced infection and suppresses the cell death induced by the P. infestans protein INF1-elicitin. Previous work demonstrated that the plant immunity co-receptor BAK1/SERK3 contributes to basal immunity to P. infestans and that the RXLR-WY effector of P. infestans suppresses BAK1/SERK3-mediated immunity by binding the E3 ligase protein CMPG1. Here we show that AVR3a suppresses additional defense responses m...

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Arabidopsis dynamin-related proteins, DRP2A and DRP2B, function coordinately in post-Golgi trafficking

Cited by 28 publications

References 28 publications

A Moving View: Subcellular Trafficking Processes in Pattern Recognition Receptor–Triggered Plant Immunity

A Moving View: Subcellular Trafficking Processes in Pattern Recognition Receptor–Triggered Plant Immunity

Increased callose deposition in plants lacking DYNAMIN-RELATED PROTEIN 2B is dependent upon POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANT 4

Phytophthora infestansRXLR-WY effector AVR3a associates with a Dynamin-Related Protein involved in endocytosis of a plant pattern recognition receptor

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