Arabidopsis flower development—of protein complexes, targets, and transport

Becker, Annette; Ehlers, Katrin

doi:10.1007/s00709-015-0812-7

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…ABCE MADS-box genes are master regulators of the floral organ development Gene Regulatory Network (GRN) that are subjected to strong functional constraints, in contrast with the great flexibility of organ morphogenesis (Davila-Velderrain et al, 2013; Becker and Ehlers, 2016). Genes co-expressed with these regulatory genes in Arabidopsis could serve as baits to identify conserved modules of connected genes in other species and analyze their evolution and expression patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Developmental and Genetic Mechanisms Underpinning Floral Architecture in Proteaceae

et al. 2019

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Proteaceae are a basal eudicot family with a highly conserved floral groundplan but which displays considerable variation in other aspects of floral and inflorescence morphology. Their morphological diversity and phylogenetic position make them good candidates for understanding the evolution of floral architecture, in particular the question of the homology of the undifferentiated perianth with the differentiated perianth of core eudicots, and the mechanisms underlying the repeated evolution of zygomorphy. In this paper, we combine a morphological approach to explore floral ontogenesis and a transcriptomic approach to access the genes involved in floral organ identity and development, focusing on Grevillea juniperina, a species from subfamily Grevilleoideae. We present developmental data for Grevillea juniperina and three additional species that differ in their floral symmetry using stereomicroscopy, SEM and High Resolution X-Ray Computed Tomography. We find that the adnation of stamens to tepals takes place at early developmental stages, and that the establishment of bilateral symmetry coincides with the asymmetrical growth of the single carpel. To set a framework for understanding the genetic basis of floral development in Proteaceae, we generated and annotated de novo a reference leaf/flower transcriptome from Grevillea juniperina. We found Grevillea homologs of all lineages of MADS-box genes involved in floral organ identity. Using Arabidopsis thaliana gene expression data as a reference, we found homologs of other genes involved in floral development in the transcriptome of G. juniperina. We also found at least 21 class I and class II TCP genes, a gene family involved in the regulation of growth processes, including floral symmetry. The expression patterns of a set of floral genes obtained from the transcriptome were characterized during floral development to assess their organ specificity and asymmetry of expression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Developmental and Genetic Mechanisms Underpinning Floral Architecture in Proteaceae

et al. 2019

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“…The principal genetic blueprint for floral organ specification in Arabidopsis thaliana is integrated in the ABCE model of floral organ identity: floral homeotic genes of A function together with E function specify sepals; A, B and E functions specify petals; B, C and E functions specify stamens; and C and E functions specify carpel/gynoecium organ identity. With the notable exception of one A function gene, all the floral homeotic genes belong to the MADS‐box family of transcription factor genes (reviewed in Becker & Ehlers, ). They are thereafter named in reference to the A. thaliana genes: PISTILLATA ( PI )‐ and APETALA3 ( AP3 )‐like genes constitute the B function; AGAMOUS ( AG )‐like genes constitute the C function; and SEPALLATA (SEP) ‐like genes constitute the E function genes.…”

Section: The Major Regulators Of Floral Organ Identity In Ranunculalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of flower development in Ranunculales – a new, basal eudicot model order for studying flower evolution

Damerval

Becker

2017

New Phytologist

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Contents 361I.361II.362III.363IV.364V.364Acknowledgements365References365 Summary Ranunculales, the sister group to all other eudicots, encompasses species with a remarkable floral diversity, which are currently emerging as new model organisms to address questions relating to the genetic architecture of flower morphology and its evolution. These questions concern either traits only found in members of the Ranunculales or traits that have convergently evolved in other large clades of flowering plants. We present recent results obtained on floral organ identity and number, symmetry evolution and spur formation in Ranunculales species. We discuss benefits and future prospects of evo‐devo studies in Ranunculales, which can provide the opportunity to decipher the genetic architecture of novel floral traits and also to appraise the degree of conservation of genetic mechanisms involved in homoplasious traits.

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“…4 Most likely, movement and activity of non-cell-autonomous transcription factors are controlled by developmental changes of the numbers and functional state of PD. 5,3 At the same time, we know relatively little not only about the fine structure of PD and mechanisms of protein translocation via PD, 6,7 but also about how plants control numbers and states of PD at individual cell boundaries. One of the factors involved in these processes could be the plant hormone cytokinine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 For instance, PD serve for cell-to-cell transport of the homeodomain-containing meristem regulators WUS and KNOX in shoot apical meristems (SAMs), and of floral homeotic MADS-box proteins in inflorescence meristems. 3 Leaves are determinate organs the main function of which lies in the production and release of photosynthates to other plant organs. However, leaves are also the source of many signals which spread over the symplasmic route.…”

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confidence: 99%

Chlorophyllide-a-Oxygenase (CAO) deficiency affects the levels of singlet oxygen and formation of plasmodesmata in leaves and shoot apical meristems of barley

Dmitrieva

Ivanova

Tyutereva

et al. 2017

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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In plants, organogenesis and specification of cell layers and tissues rely on precise symplastic delivery of regulatory molecules via plasmodesmata. Accordingly, abundance and aperture of plasmodesmata at individual cell boundaries should be controlled by the plant. Recently, studies in Arabidopsis established reactive oxygen species as major regulators of plasmodesmata formation and gating. We show that in a barley mutant deficient in the synthesis of chlorophyll b, the numbers of plasmodesmata in leaves and in the shoot apical meristem are significantly higher than in the corresponding wild type, probably due to redox imbalance in the mutant. The resulting disturbance of symplasmic transport is likely to be the reason for the observed delayed floral transition in these mutants. In plants, plasmodesmata (PD) are indispensable regulators of cell-to-cell communications. 1 The function of meristems as well as the specification of cell layers and tissues during organogenesis rely on the symplasmic transport of regulatory molecules such as miRNAs, transcription factors or their transcripts.2 For instance, PD serve for cell-to-cell transport of the homeodomain-containing meristem regulators WUS and KNOX in shoot apical meristems (SAMs), and of floral homeotic MADS-box proteins in inflorescence meristems.3 Leaves are determinate organs the main function of which lies in the production and release of photosynthates to other plant organs. However, leaves are also the source of many signals which spread over the symplasmic route. For instance, Flowering locus T (FT) is synthesized in phloem companion cells in leaves and moves systemically to SAMs where it initiates floral transition upon unloading via PD. 4 Most likely, movement and activity of non-cell-autonomous transcription factors are controlled by developmental changes of the numbers and functional state of PD. 5,3 At the same time, we know relatively little not only about the fine structure of PD and mechanisms of protein translocation via PD, 6,7 but also about how plants control numbers and states of PD at individual cell boundaries. One of the factors involved in these processes could be the plant hormone cytokinine.8 Recent studies provided a major breakthrough in the elucidation of mechanisms regulating PD formation in plant cells. They revealed that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by cellular organelles can differentially influence the formation of PD as well as their aperture. 9,10,11,12 Mutations in a gene encoding the plastid-localized thioredoxin m led to an increase in ROS and a decrease in PD conductivity in Arabidopsis roots; the mutation could be mimicked by application of methyl viologen.9 An opposite effect, namely an increase in PD conductivity, was observed in the ise1 mutant which carries a defect in a mitochondrial RNA helicase; plants defective for ISE1 also exhibited increased ROS production. 13The formation of secondary plasmodesmata was enhanced in the ise1 mutant and also in a mutant lacking the plastid RNA helicase...

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Arabidopsis flower development—of protein complexes, targets, and transport

Cited by 12 publications

References 91 publications

Unraveling the Developmental and Genetic Mechanisms Underpinning Floral Architecture in Proteaceae

Unraveling the Developmental and Genetic Mechanisms Underpinning Floral Architecture in Proteaceae

Genetics of flower development in Ranunculales – a new, basal eudicot model order for studying flower evolution

Chlorophyllide-a-Oxygenase (CAO) deficiency affects the levels of singlet oxygen and formation of plasmodesmata in leaves and shoot apical meristems of barley

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